Recyclable, reprocessable, self-adhered and repairable carbon fiber reinforced polymers using full biobased matrices from camphoric acid and epoxidized soybean oil

Abstract

Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy is the most commonly used carbon fiber composite with superior performance. However, the growing demand of carbon fibers reinforced epoxy results in a huge consumption of...

Reprocessable, Self-Adhesive, and Recyclable Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using a Catalyst-Free Self-Healing Bio-Based Vitrimer Matrix

“…The matrix of common CFRCs is usually a permanent cross-linked resin, leading to difficult recovery of CFs and poor reprocessability of CFRCs. , TOTGE–MDA 1.0 was selected as a CFRC matrix due to its high DTER rate, which facilitates reprocessing and rapid degradation of CFRCs. Furthermore, the TOTGE–MDA 1.0 vitrimer matrix exhibits superior mechanical and thermal properties.…”

“…Thus, they have promising applications in the field of CFRCs. In particular, owing to their superior mechanical properties and high chemical resistance, vitrimers based on a dynamic transesterification reaction (DTER) can be excellent candidates as matrices for CFRCs. − Ma et al obtained fully bio-based thermosets by curing epoxidized sucrose soyate with citric, malic, and tartaric acids. These thermosets can be degraded by aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions.…”

“…Vitrimers have good reprocessing properties; in particular, it could be completely degraded by ethanol owing to the DTER, in a pressure reactor at 140 °C. Further, Zhang et al . obtained vitrimer matrices containing dynamic ester groups using camphoric acid as a curing agent for ESO.…”

Manufacturing Technologies of Carbon/Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites and Their Properties: A Review

“…To this end, various groups of researchers have tried to obtain composites from recyclable eco-materials. For example, Zhang et al [90] manufactured CF composites using biobased dynamic crosslinked matrices from natural epoxidized soybean oil and camphoric acid, without additional chemical modification. The authors observed that the newly developed composites highlight a usable performance at 25 • C. In addition, their laminates can be easily repaired and reprocessed at high temperatures.…”

Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Lignin Vitrimers with Tunable Mechanical Properties: Circular Polymers and Recoverable Adhesives

“…Natural polymers such as lignin have distinct chemical structures and unique properties that make them attractive and potentially sustainable components of vitrimers. Following this trend, last years have experienced coherent development of biobased vitrimers, owing to the lucrative properties of vitrimers and the relatively high abundance and low cost of the raw materials. ,− However, in most cases, chemical modification of the bio-based starting materials is needed to generate synthons able to react and form dynamic covalent networks, in addition to the use of catalysts to trigger the reversibility of dynamic covalent bonds. ,,− This pre-processing or fractionation of natural polymers, together with the need of catalysts, hinders their scalability toward industrial processes and therefore limits their potential applications. This present scenario poses an important challenge to avoid the chemical or physical pre-modification and functionalization of renewable raw materials that are available in a sufficient scale and at a low cost for industrial end uses.…”