Recursive polarization of nuclear spins in diamond at arbitrary magnetic fields

Pagliero, Daniela; Laraoui, Abdelghani; Henshaw, Jacob; Meriles, Carlos A.

doi:10.1063/1.4903799

Cited by 38 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A difference in intersystem crossing rates between the m s =0 and m s =±1 excited state levels results in spin polarization into the m s =0 sublevel upon optical pumping [2]. NV-centers have applications in numerous fields, including magnetometry [3], nuclear spin polarization [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], and quantum information processing [13]. While many applications utilize single defects aligned with an applied magnetic field, understanding orientation dependence of NV-polarization is important for applications involving ensembles of defects in single crystals as well as defects in nanodiamonds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of magnetic field alignment and defect concentration on nitrogen-vacancy polarization in diamond

2015

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We present a quantitative, systematic study of the polarization of the Zeeman magnetic sublevels of the NV-defect in diamond as a function of magnetic field alignment relative to the NV-defect axis. The orientation dependence of NV-polarization in the lab frame is accounted for by a Wigner rotation of a constant defect frame polarization. We also find that the NV-defect level polarizations vary with the P1 defect concentration, and that the polarization of the m s =0 state with optical pumping decreases from 46% to 36% in samples as P1 concentrations vary from 20 ppm to 100 ppm, respectively. OPEN ACCESS RECEIVED

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of magnetic field alignment and defect concentration on nitrogen-vacancy polarization in diamond

2015

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“…An NV center, consisting of the electronic spin and one or several nuclear spins, is therefore an interesting physical realization of a quantum register. Local control of the targeted qubits within a single NV center can be performed by specifically addressing the concerned center and manipulating the system with laser pulses, microwave (MW) and radio-frequency (RF) magnetic fields [18][19][20]. Nuclear spins are useful resources for storing and transmitting quantum information [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarizing the electronic and nuclear spin of the NV-center in diamond in arbitrary magnetic fields: analysis of the optical pumping process

2017

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Initializing a set of qubits to a given quantum state is a basic prerequisite for the physical implementation of quantum-information protocols. Here, we discuss the polarization of the electronic and nuclear spin in a single Nitrogen vacancy center in diamond. Our initialization scheme uses a sequence of laser, microwave and radio-frequency pulses, and we optimize the pumping parameters of the laser pulse. A rate equation model is formulated that explains the effect of the laser pulse on the spin system. We have experimentally determined the population of the relevant spin states as a function of the duration of the laser pulse by measuring Rabi oscillations and Ramsey-type free-induction decays. The experimental data have been analyzed to determine the pumping rates of the rate equation model.

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“…Unlike existing schemes at ∼500 and ∼1000 G axial magnetic fields for the excited state and ground-state level anticrossings (LACs), this approach relies on the control of weak magnetic fields and state-selective rf pulses. It requires fewer pulses and a smaller range of rf excitation than other low-magnetic field recursively repeated protocols [36]. The heart of the scheme relies on adiabatic passage, which results in a change in the nuclear spin state.…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond-nitrogen-vacancy electronic and nuclear spin-state anticrossings under weak transverse magnetic fields

et al. 2016

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We report on detailed studies of electronic and nuclear spin states in the diamond-nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center under weak transverse magnetic fields. We numerically predict and experimentally verify a previously unobserved NV hyperfine level anticrossing (LAC) occurring at bias fields of tens of gauss-two orders of magnitude lower than previously reported LACs at ∼500 and ∼1000 G axial magnetic fields. We then discuss how the NV ground-state Hamiltonian can be manipulated in this regime to tailor the NV's sensitivity to environmental factors and to map into the nuclear spin state. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.021401 Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect centers in diamond are optically polarizable quantum systems with spin-dependent fluorescence. Using electron spin resonance (ESR) under ambient conditions, sensitivity to electric fields [1][2][3][4], transverse and axial magnetic fields [5][6][7][8][9][10], temperature [11][12][13][14], strain [15], and pressure [16] have been observed via resonance frequency shifts of the NV ground-state manifold. Nonseparable sensitivity to multiple environmental factors is problematic when it comes to using the NV as a sensor. However, the Hamiltonian governing the measurable frequency shifts can be tailored to enhance (or to suppress) sensitivity to different physical phenomena. A magnetic bias field applied parallel or perpendicular [B || or B ⊥ as shown in Fig. 1(a)] to the NV's axis in the diamond crystal lattice energetically separates the spin states and increases sensitivity to magnetic or electric fields, respectively.In this Rapid Communication, we investigate an unexplored weak-field regime in which electronic spin ground-state energy level splittings are on par with the Zeeman shift induced by an applied magnetic field. Here we account for both the electron and the nuclear spin of the NV, which reveals complex dynamics of nuclear spin state degeneracy and previously unobserved hyperfine level anticrossings. These features occur at a low magnetic field (B ⊥ 40 G) as compared to the B || ∼ 500 and B || ∼ 1000 G excited-and ground-state crossings [17][18][19][20], which have been used for nuclear spin polarization, providing increased sensitivity to resonance shifts through narrower effective linewidth and increased contrast [21][22][23][24]. We find excellent agreement between experiment and theory and discuss the utility of the nuclear spin degeneracy regime toward NV sensing applications and solid-state atomic memories based on nuclear spin polarization. While the results described here are specific to the NV, similar anticrossings are expected in any spin-1 (or higher) defect center that shows hyperfine level splitting on the same order of magnitude as double-electron spin flip anticrossings.The NV is a two-site defect with a spin-1 electronic ground state, which is magnetically coupled to nearby nuclear spins.For a single NV orientation, energy level shifts are described by the following spin Hamiltonian of the ground triplet state in the presence of magnetic, electric, ...

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Recursive polarization of nuclear spins in diamond at arbitrary magnetic fields

Cited by 38 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of magnetic field alignment and defect concentration on nitrogen-vacancy polarization in diamond

Influence of magnetic field alignment and defect concentration on nitrogen-vacancy polarization in diamond

Polarizing the electronic and nuclear spin of the NV-center in diamond in arbitrary magnetic fields: analysis of the optical pumping process

Diamond-nitrogen-vacancy electronic and nuclear spin-state anticrossings under weak transverse magnetic fields

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