Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Children

Conway, Patrick H.; Cnaan, Avital; Zaoutis, Theoklis; Henry, Brandon V.; Grundmeier, Robert W.; Keren, Ron

doi:10.1001/jama.298.2.179

Cited by 337 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(35 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The possible reason for the higher prevalence of high-grade vesicoureteric reflux in our study is that we included children with recurrent infections rather than those who presented with a first febrile infection. Children with recurrent urinary tract infections are more likely to have higher grades of vesicoureteric reflux [26,27]. Our study also showed a high negative predictive value and low negative likelihood ratio of 90.91% and 0.13, respectively, suggesting the utility of DMSA as a "rule out" test for high-grade vesicoureteric reflux.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Recurrent urinary tract infections in young children: role of DMSA scintigraphy in detecting vesicoureteric reflux

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Recurrent urinary tract infections in young children: role of DMSA scintigraphy in detecting vesicoureteric reflux

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Prolonged use of advanced-generation cephalosporins and/or beta-lactam inhibitor combinations is, unfortunately, a concern. Widespread use of these agents has the potential to stimulate the accrual of resistant bacterial clones in the population at large (26). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Microbiological Diagnosis of Parapneumonic Effusions in Canadian Children

Pernica

Moldovan

Chan

et al. 2014

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Community-acquired pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion/empyema is not uncommon in children and can cause serious illness; there -fore, the timely optimization of antimicrobial therapy is essential in this situation. The aim of this study was to determine whether using real-time polymerase chain reaction of pleural fluids to identify the causative organism improves the process of microbiological diagnosis in the context of community-acquired pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion/empyema. This technique was compared with traditional culture methods for microbiological diagnosis.

show abstract

“…Thirty reported information on prevalence of resistance in E coli urinary tract infection isolates, with the three remaining reporting the association between previous antibiotic exposure and E coli resistance only. 22 38 51 Table 1 also summarises the 25 studies included from non-OECD studies that reported bacterial resistance in 4408 E coli isolates from the same number of children. All were observational; 10 were retrospective, 11 prospective, one case-control, and three cross sectional.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were no differences in rates of resistance detected between the different methods of urine sampling that studies used. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was carried out with standard disk diffusion methods in 44 studies, with one interpreted and reported according to British Standard At least one of clean catch, catheter, or suprapubic aspiration 20 22 23 25 27-35 38 39 43 44 46 47 49 51 11 53 54 61 63 65 67 72 74 75 76 79 Clean catch only 3 26 *Age 0-5: papers that report data specifically for this age group; 6-17: papers that report data specifically for this age group; 0-17: papers that which report data for children/young people within 0-17 and do not fit into previous reported age groups. Papers can appear more than once depending on how results are reported.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global prevalence of antibiotic resistance in paediatric urinary tract infections caused byEscherichia coliand association with routine use of antibiotics in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis

Bryce

Hay

Lane

et al. 2016

BMJ

344

247

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjeCtivesTo systematically review studies investigating the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli in children and, when appropriate, to meta-analyse the relation between previous antibiotics prescribed in primary care and resistance. Design anD Data analysisSystematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled percentage prevalence of resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics in children in primary care, stratified by the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) status of the study country. Random effects meta-analysis was used to quantify the association between previous exposure to antibiotics in primary care and resistance. Data sOurCesObservational and experimental studies identified through Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and ISI Web of Knowledge databases, searched for articles published up to October 2015.eligibility Criteria fOr seleCting stuDies Studies were eligible if they investigated and reported resistance in community acquired urinary tract infection in children and young people aged 0-17. Electronic searches with MeSH terms and text words identified 3115 papers. Two independent reviewers assessed study quality and performed data extraction. results 58 observational studies investigated 77 783 E coli isolates in urine. In studies from OECD countries, the pooled prevalence of resistance was 53.4% (95% confidence interval 46.0% to 60.8%) for ampicillin, 23.6% (13.9% to 32.3%) for trimethoprim, 8.2% (7.9% to 9.6%) for co-amoxiclav, and 2.1% (0.8 to 4.4%) for ciprofloxacin; nitrofurantoin was the lowest at 1.3% (0.8% to 1.7%). Resistance in studies in countries outside the OECD was significantly higher: 79.8% (73.0% to 87.7%) for ampicillin, 60.3% (40.9% to 79.0%) for co-amoxiclav, 26.8% (11.1% to 43.0%) for ciprofloxacin, and 17.0% (9.8% to 24.2%) for nitrofurantoin. There was evidence that bacterial isolates from the urinary tract from individual children who had received previous prescriptions for antibiotics in primary care were more likely to be resistant to antibiotics, and this increased risk could persist for up to six months (odds ratio 13.23, 95% confidence interval 7.84 to 22.31). COnClusiOnsPrevalence of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics in primary care in children with urinary tract infections caused by E coli is high, particularly in countries outside the OECD, where one possible explanation is the availability of antibiotics over the counter. This could render some antibiotics ineffective as first line treatments for urinary tract infection. Routine use of antibiotics in primary care contributes to antimicrobial resistance in children, which can persist for up to six months after treatment.

show abstract

Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Children

Cited by 337 publications

References 34 publications

Recurrent urinary tract infections in young children: role of DMSA scintigraphy in detecting vesicoureteric reflux

Recurrent urinary tract infections in young children: role of DMSA scintigraphy in detecting vesicoureteric reflux

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Microbiological Diagnosis of Parapneumonic Effusions in Canadian Children

Global prevalence of antibiotic resistance in paediatric urinary tract infections caused byEscherichia coliand association with routine use of antibiotics in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About