Recurrent Selection Methods Based on Evaluation‐Cum‐Recombination Block

Vasal, S. K.; Dhillon, B. S.; Pandey, Sudhakar

doi:10.1002/9780470650073.ch5

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…CIMMYT breeders initially used broad based pools and populations to develop open pollinated varieties (OPV). CIMMYT populations are selected via modified full or half-sib recurrent selection to have high yield potential and yield stability under a wide variety of production conditions and environments in the developing world [ 42 ]. To exploit hybrid technologies, assignment of CIMMYT populations and inbred lines into heterotic groups via crossing to various representative testers has been intensified since the early 1990s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of diverse CIMMYT maize inbred lines from eastern and southern Africa using single nucleotide polymorphic markers

Magorokosho²,

et al. 2012

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BackgroundKnowledge of germplasm diversity and relationships among elite breeding materials is fundamentally important in crop improvement. We genotyped 450 maize inbred lines developed and/or widely used by CIMMYT breeding programs in both Kenya and Zimbabwe using 1065 SNP markers to (i) investigate population structure and patterns of relationship of the germplasm for better exploitation in breeding programs; (ii) assess the usefulness of SNPs for identifying heterotic groups commonly used by CIMMYT breeding programs; and (iii) identify a subset of highly informative SNP markers for routine and low cost genotyping of CIMMYT germplasm in the region using uniplex assays.ResultsGenetic distance for about 94% of the pairs of lines fell between 0.300 and 0.400. Eighty four percent of the pairs of lines also showed relative kinship values ≤ 0.500. Model-based population structure analysis, principal component analysis, neighbor-joining cluster analysis and discriminant analysis revealed the presence of 3 major groups and generally agree with pedigree information. The SNP markers did not show clear separation of heterotic groups A and B that were established based on combining ability tests through diallel and line x tester analyses. Our results demonstrated large differences among the SNP markers in terms of reproducibility, ease of scoring, polymorphism, minor allele frequency and polymorphic information content. About 40% of the SNPs in the multiplexed chip-based GoldenGate assays were found to be uninformative in this study and we recommend 644 of the 1065 for low to medium density genotyping in tropical maize germplasm using uniplex assays.ConclusionsThere were high genetic distance and low kinship coefficients among most pairs of lines, clearly indicating the uniqueness of the majority of the inbred lines in these maize breeding programs. The results from this study will be useful to breeders in selecting best parental combinations for new breeding crosses, mapping population development and marker assisted breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of diverse CIMMYT maize inbred lines from eastern and southern Africa using single nucleotide polymorphic markers

Magorokosho²,

et al. 2012

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“…The discovery of association of high lysine and tryptophan with opaque-2 (o-2) maize endosperm by Mertz and his group in 1964 opened up new vistas in improving the protein quality of maize. Through the combined use of o-2 gene and genetic modifiers, the QPM gene pools have been improved for yield and associated traits, kernel modification, and appearance and the QPM versions have performed quite similar to normal counterparts in yield and agronomic traits (Vasal et al 1984(Vasal et al , 1994Vasal 2002). The discovery of another mutation, floury-2 (fl2), also has the ability to alter endosperm nutritional quality (Bjarnason and Vasal 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Insect-Pests and Their Management: Current Status and Future Need of Research in Quality Maize

Dhillon

Kalia

Gujar

2013

Maize: Nutrition Dynamics and Novel Uses

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important staple food for millions of people across the world. However, different stress factors mainly the insectpests, viz., maize stalk borer, pink stem borer, sugarcane leafhopper, shoot bug, armyworm, shoot fly, corn leaf aphid, cob borer, and termites, have constrained the increase in yield potential of the maize genotypes deployed in India. The hybrid initiative turned out to be exceedingly important for Quality Protein Maize (QPM) efforts, and many countries in the developing world including India are becoming increasingly interested in QPM to reduce malnourishment and to sustain nutritional security. However, it is also likely that the increase in concentration and quality of nutritional components particularly the protein in QPM might favor the proliferation of insect-pests as they too prefer quality food for their growth and development and could be major constraints to increasing production and productivity of QPM. Therefore, development and deployment of high-yielding and insect-resistant QPM genotypes under the umbrella of integrated pest management system might help in narrowing down the yield gap by reducing the crop losses caused by insect-pests. Since maize is damaged by an array of insect groups with different feeding habits right from the seedling stage to maturity of the crop, no single strategy is sufficient to manage such complex group of insect-pests. Damage potential of different insect-pests, status of host plant resistance and the mechanisms of resistance involved, and the management of major insect-pests have also been discussed in this chapter. IntroductionMaize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important food crop after rice and wheat and is an important staple food for millions of people in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. According to recent estimates, the maize is being cultivated over an

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“…Según Souza (1999), el desarrollo de progenies, su evaluación en la región de interés, la selección de las mejores y su recombinación por varios ciclos, hace que las poblaciones mejoradas lleguen a ser agronómicamente superiores a las originales y a mantener suficiente variabilidad genética en los caracteres elegidos, lo que les permite seguir en uso a largo plazo. Vasal et al (1997) reportaron la aplicación de diferentes métodos de selección recurrente y obtuvieron incrementos en el rendimiento de grano y reducciones en la altura de las plantas de maíz. Darrah (1986) informó que la selección de familias de hermanos completos en maíz mostró un incremento de rendimiento de 3.6 % por año.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Selección Entre Y Dentro De Familias De Hermanos Completos De Maiz en Chiapas, México

2008

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Entre 2002 y 2005 se hicieron tres ciclos de selección recurrente de familias de hermanos completos en tres variedades de maíz (Zea mays L.) que se cultivan comercialmente en Chiapas: ‘V-424’ (de ciclo precoz), ‘V-534’ (de ciclo intermedio) y ‘V-526’ (de ciclo tardío). El objetivo fue incrementar sus rendimientos de grano, y a la vez mantener el fenotipo y madurez de cada población. Durante los ciclos agrícolas de temporal o secano de 2005 y de riego de 2006 se evaluaron en Ocozocoautla y Villaflores, Chiapas, México, a 14 variedades experimentales formadas de los ciclos uno, dos y tres de cada población, más su población original. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre localidades y entre variedades para las tres poblaciones en el rendimiento de grano, y la interacción localidades x variedades sólo fue significativa para la población ‘V-534’; las variedades experimentales ‘V-424 Coita C3’, ‘V-534 Coita C3’ y ‘V-526 Villaflores C3’ superaron en rendimiento a las respectivas variedades originales, sin cambiar su fenotipo y madurez, con respuestas de 3.0 %, 5.2 % y 4.2 % por ciclo de selección, respectivamente.

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Recurrent Selection Methods Based on Evaluation‐Cum‐Recombination Block

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular characterization of diverse CIMMYT maize inbred lines from eastern and southern Africa using single nucleotide polymorphic markers

Molecular characterization of diverse CIMMYT maize inbred lines from eastern and southern Africa using single nucleotide polymorphic markers

Insect-Pests and Their Management: Current Status and Future Need of Research in Quality Maize

Selección Entre Y Dentro De Familias De Hermanos Completos De Maiz en Chiapas, México

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