Recurrent presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in a 33‐year‐old man

Wang, Pei

doi:10.1002/jmv.26334

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Among the reported patients, eight cases were reported that had experienced recurrence more than once; two times in four patients [ 20 , 58 , 69 ], three times in two patients [ 14 , 50 ], and four times in two patients [ 48 , 62 ]. In a more detailed review of five cases with positive RT-PCR test for repeated times, most of them were asymptomatic or presented mild symptoms [ 14 , 48 , 50 , 58 , 69 ]. Among them, an eight year-old boy showed the second positive RT-PCR test after 17 days of discharge, and his test remained positive for the next 20 days [ 14 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, two men, 33 and 35-year old showed the second positive RT-PCR at nearly 2 weeks after discharge. They tested positive for the fourth and third times on days 111 and 49 days of hospital discharge, respectively [ 48 , 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the first admission, considering 1064 patients, the majority of re-positive cases ( n = 987; 92.7%) were asymptomatic or had mild to moderate symptoms [ 1 , 3 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 19 , 21–24 , 26–28 , 30–33 , 36–45 , 47 , 48 , 50–52 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 59 , 61 , 62 , 64–67 , 69–73 , 75 , 77 ], but some of them had severe or critical disease ( n = 77, 7.3%) [ 1 , 13 , 18 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 42 , 43 , 46 , 49 , 55 , 60 , 63 , 68 , 74 ]. To compare the severity of disease during the first and second courses of illness in re-positive patients, 57 studies including 858 re-positive patients, it was reported that the disease severity decreased or remained unchanged in 835 cases (97.3%) [ 13 , 15–20 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 28–31 , 33 , 36–48 , 50 , 52–54 , 58–61 , 65–68 , 70 , 71 , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, physicians need to consider positive antibodies tests as immune certificate and hospital discharge criteria cautiously. On the other hand, some patients with recurrence may produce lower specific antibody titres in comparison to those without recurrence, suggesting that the virus may not confer immunity sufficiently due to limited antibody levels and after that causes recurrence [ 46 , 48 ]. In a case series study, a 33-year old man who experienced recurrence two times did not develop IgM ever during the follow-up period [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A systematic review on the recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus: frequency, risk factors, and possible explanations

Piri

Edalatfar

Shool

et al. 2021

Infectious Diseases

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Background Since late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 which leads to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused thousands of deaths. There are some pieces of evidence that SARS-CoV-2 genome could be re-detectable in recovered patients. Methods We performed a systematic review in the PubMed/Medline database to address the risk of SARS-CoV-2 recurrence. The last update was for 20 November 2020. Among the 1178 initially found articles, 66 met the inclusion criteria and were considered. Findings In total, 1128 patients with at least one-time recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 were included. Recurrence rate has been reported between 2.3% and 21.4% in cohort studies, within a mean of 20 (ranged 1–98) days after discharge; younger patients are being affected more. Following the second course of disease, the disease severity decreased or remained unchanged in 97.3% while it increased in 2.6%. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM were positive in 11–95% and 58.8–100%, respectively. Based on the literature, three possibilities include reactivation of previous disease, reinfection with the same virus, and false negative, which have been discussed in details. Conclusion There is a relatively notable risk of disease recurrence in previously recovered patients, even those who are immunised against the virus. More studies are required to clarify the underlying cause of this phenomenon.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A systematic review on the recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus: frequency, risk factors, and possible explanations

Piri

Edalatfar

Shool

et al. 2021

Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A case study showed that two discharged COVID-19 patients had decreased Ct values (compared with baseline Ct values) when they became symptomatic with COVID-19 again [10]. Another case study reported the recurrent presence of 2019-nCoV RNA with fluctuating Ct values in a 33-year-old patient who were symptomatic after discharge [11]. Interestingly, 2019-nCoV viral load may be similar in asymptomatic as symptomatic patients [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and outcomes of re-positive nucleic acid tests in discharged COVID-19 patients

Chen

Pan

et al. 2020

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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The prevalence and outcomes of patients who had re-activation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after discharge remain poorly understood. We included 126 consecutively confirmed cases of COVID-19 with 2-month follow-up data after discharge in this retrospective study. The upper respiratory specimen using a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction test of three patients (71 years [60-76]) were positive within 11-20 days after their discharge, with an event rate of 19.8 (95%CI 2.60-42.1) per 1,000,000 patient-days. Moreover, all re-positive patients were asymptomatic. Our findings suggest that few recovered patients may still be virus carriers even after reaching the discharge criteria.

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How strong is the evidence that it is possible to get SARS‐CoV‐2 twice? A systematic review

Farrukh

Mumtaz

Sana

2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Summary With a large number of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) patients being discharged from hospital with negative test results for SARS‐CoV‐2, it has been reported that several recovered cases tested positive after discharge (re‐positive, RP). This finding has raised several important questions for this novel coronavirus and Covid‐19 disease. In this review, we have discussed several important questions, including: (1) Can the virus re‐infect recovered individuals? (2) What are the possible causes of the re‐positive reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test in recovered patients? (3) What are the implications of these re‐positive cases concerning the spread of the virus? Understanding how recovery from Covid‐19 confers immunity to decrease the risk of re‐infection is needed to inform current efforts to safely scale back population‐based interventions, such as physical distancing. We have also described what is currently known about the immune response to Covid‐19, highlighted key gaps in knowledge, and identified opportunities for future research. Overall, the quality of the evidence is poor and we describe the features that should be described for future cases.

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Recurrent presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in a 33‐year‐old man

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

A systematic review on the recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus: frequency, risk factors, and possible explanations

A systematic review on the recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus: frequency, risk factors, and possible explanations

Prevalence and outcomes of re-positive nucleic acid tests in discharged COVID-19 patients

How strong is the evidence that it is possible to get SARS‐CoV‐2 twice? A systematic review

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