Recurrent microdeletions at 15q11.2 and 16p13.11 predispose to idiopathic generalized epilepsies

Kovel, Carolien G.F. de; Trucks, Holger; Helbig, Ingo; Mefford, Heather C; Baker, Carl; Leu, Costin; Kluck, Christian; Muhle, Hiltrud; Spiczak, Sarah von; Ostertag, Philipp; Obermeier, Tanja; Kleefuß-Lie, Ailing A.; Hallmann, Kerstin; Steffens, Michael; Gaus, Verena; Klein, Karl Martin; Hamer, Hajo M.; Rosenow, Felix; Brilstra, Eva H.; Trenité, Dorothee Kasteleijn‐Nolst; Swinkels, Marielle; Weber, Yvonne G.; Unterberger, Iris; Zimprich, Fritz; Urak, L.; Feucht, Martha; Fuchs, Karoline; Møller, Rikke S.; Hjalgrim, Helle; Jonghe, Peter De; Suls, Arvid; Rückert, Ina Maria; Wichmann, Heinz Erich; Franke, André; Schreiber, Stefan; Nürnberg, Peter; Elger, Christian E.; Lerche, Holger; Stephani, Ulrich; Koeleman, Bobby P. C.; Lindhout, Dick; Eichler, Evan E.; Sander, Thomas

doi:10.1093/brain/awp262

Cited by 412 publications

(396 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The 15q11.2(BP1-BP2) deletion has previously been shown to confer modest risk of schizophrenia 1 , behavioural disturbances 17 , developmental and language delay 18 , and epilepsy 19 . We show that the 15q11.2(BP1-BP2) deletion has only modest impact on results of the neuropsychological tests but is still strongly associated with a history of difficulties in learning mathematics and reading (Fig.…”

Section: Lm I Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

CNVs conferring risk of autism or schizophrenia affect cognition in controls

Stefánsson

Meyer‐Lindenberg

Steinberg

et al. 2013

Nature

603

561

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In a small fraction of patients with schizophrenia or autism, alleles of copy-number variants (CNVs) in their genomes are probably the strongest factors contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease. These CNVs may provide an entry point for investigations into the mechanisms of brain function and dysfunction alike. They are not fully penetrant and offer an opportunity to study their effects separate from that of manifest disease. Here we show in an Icelandic sample that a few of the CNVs clearly alter fecundity (measured as the number of children by age 45). Furthermore, we use various tests of cognitive function to demonstrate that control subjects carrying the CNVs perform at a level that is between that of schizophrenia patients and population controls. The CNVs do not all affect the same cognitive domains, hence the cognitive deficits that drive or accompany the pathogenesis vary from one CNV to another. Controls carrying the chromosome 15q11.2 deletion between breakpoints 1 and 2 (15q11.2(BP1-BP2) deletion) have a history of dyslexia and dyscalculia, even after adjusting for IQ in the analysis, and the CNVonly confers modest effects on other cognitive traits. The 15q11.2(BP1-BP2) deletion affects brain structure in a pattern consistent with both that observed during first-episode psychosis in schizophrenia and that of structural correlates in dyslexia.Little information is available on whether or how rare CNVs conferring high risk of schizophrenia and/or autism affect physiologic function of otherwise normal brains. As none of these CNVs hitherto described are fully penetrant for the diseases, and both schizophrenia and autism affect cognition, we aimed to examine the possibility that the CNVs affect cognition in control carriers, those who do not suffer either disease or intellectual disability. We based our selection of CNVs on a literature search for CNVs associated with schizophrenia and/or autism ('neuropsychiatric CNVs'); this search produced 26 CNV alleles (Supplementary Table 1) 1-3 . These CNV alleles are rare, found in 0.002% to 0.2% frequency, and cumulatively in 1.16% of our sample of 101,655 genotyped subjects, representing approximately one-third of the Icelandic population ( Supplementary Tables 1 and 2).We used the subset of genotyped subjects born before 1968, without excluding patients, to examine the association of each neuropsychiatric CNV with reproductive outcome ('fecundity'), defined simply as the number of children each subject had by age 45. After correction for multiple comparisons, three neuropsychiatric CNVs were significantly associated with fecundity (Table 1). Subjects carrying the 16p11.2 deletion or the 22q11.21 duplication show reduced fecundity, with the effect in males significantly greater than in females (P 5 0.0083 and P 5 0.029 for the difference in effect by sex for the 16p11.2 deletion and the 22q11.21 duplication, respectively). In contrast, individuals carrying the 16p12.1 deletion have more children than do controls (Table 1). Those with deletions at 15q11.2(...

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Section: Lm I Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

CNVs conferring risk of autism or schizophrenia affect cognition in controls

Stefánsson

Meyer‐Lindenberg

Steinberg

et al. 2013

Nature

603

561

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“…18 It is now clear that de novo and inherited copy number variants (CNVs) contribute to the aetiology of various neurological disorders, such as autism, 19 intellectual disability, 20,21 and epilepsy. 22 The extent to which this is based on single 'hits' of large effect, or two or more hits of smaller effect acting synergistically, is uncertain. 20,23 The contribution of CNVs to CP has not yet been systematically investigated; this work addresses this knowledge gap by testing a selected cohort of 50 cases with CP using two customised microarray platforms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare copy number variation in cerebral palsy

et al. 2013

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Recent studies have established the role of rare copy number variants (CNVs) in several neurological disorders but the contribution of rare CNVs to cerebral palsy (CP) is not known. Fifty Caucasian families having children with CP were studied using two microarray designs. Potentially pathogenic, rare (o1% population frequency) CNVs were identified, and their frequency determined, by comparing the CNVs found in cases with 8329 adult controls with no known neurological disorders. Ten of the 50 cases (20%) had rare CNVs of potential relevance to CP; there were a total of 14 CNVs, which were observed in o0.1% (o8/8329) of the control population. Eight inherited from an unaffected mother: a 751-kb deletion including FSCB, a 1.5-Mb duplication of 7q21.13, a 534-kb duplication of 15q11.2, a 446-kb duplication including CTNND2, a 219-kb duplication including MCPH1, a 169-kb duplication of 22q13.33, a 64-kb duplication of MC2R, and a 135-bp exonic deletion of SLC06A1. Three inherited from an unaffected father: a 386-kb deletion of 12p12.2-p12.1, a 234-kb duplication of 10q26.13, and a 4-kb exonic deletion of COPS3. The inheritance was unknown for three CNVs: a 157-bp exonic deletion of ACOX1, a 693-kb duplication of 17q25.3, and a 265-kb duplication of DAAM1. This is the first systematic study of CNVs in CP, and although it did not identify de novo mutations, has shown inherited, rare CNVs involving potentially pathogenic genes and pathways requiring further investigation.

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“…2007; De Kovel et al. 2010a,b). A preferential predisposition for absence seizures has also been linked to 13q22–q31 (Hempelmann et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome loci vary by juvenile myoclonic epilepsy subsyndromes: linkage and haplotype analysis applied to epilepsy and EEG 3.5–6.0 Hz polyspike waves

Wight

Nguyen

Medina³

et al. 2016

Molec Gen & Gen Med

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Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), the most common genetic epilepsy, remains enigmatic because it is considered one disease instead of several diseases. We ascertained three large multigenerational/multiplex JME pedigrees from Honduras with differing JME subsyndromes, including Childhood Absence Epilepsy evolving to JME (CAE/JME; pedigree 1), JME with adolescent onset pyknoleptic absence (JME/pA; pedigree 2), and classic JME (cJME; pedigree 3). All phenotypes were validated, including symptomatic persons with various epilepsies, asymptomatic persons with EEG 3.5–6.0 Hz polyspike waves, and asymptomatic persons with normal EEGs. Two‐point parametric linkage analyses were performed with 5185 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms on individual pedigrees and pooled pedigrees using four diagnostic models based on epilepsy/EEG diagnoses. Haplotype analyses of the entire genome were also performed for each individual. In pedigree 1, haplotyping identified a 34 cM region in 2q21.2–q31.1 cosegregating with all affected members, an area close to 2q14.3 identified by linkage (Z max = 1.77; pedigree 1). In pedigree 2, linkage and haplotyping identified a 44 cM cosegregating region in 13q13.3–q31.2 (Z max = 3.50 at 13q31.1; pooled pedigrees). In pedigree 3, haplotyping identified a 6 cM cosegregating region in 17q12. Possible cosegregation was also identified in 13q14.2 and 1q32 in pedigree 3, although this could not be definitively confirmed due to the presence of uninformative markers in key individuals. Differing chromosome regions identified in specific JME subsyndromes may contain separate JME disease‐causing genes, favoring the concept of JME as several distinct diseases. Whole‐exome sequencing will likely identify a CAE/JME gene in 2q21.2–2q31.1, a JME/pA gene in 13q13.3–q31.2, and a cJME gene in 17q12.

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Recurrent microdeletions at 15q11.2 and 16p13.11 predispose to idiopathic generalized epilepsies

Cited by 412 publications

References 35 publications

CNVs conferring risk of autism or schizophrenia affect cognition in controls

CNVs conferring risk of autism or schizophrenia affect cognition in controls

Rare copy number variation in cerebral palsy

Chromosome loci vary by juvenile myoclonic epilepsy subsyndromes: linkage and haplotype analysis applied to epilepsy and EEG 3.5–6.0 Hz polyspike waves

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