Recurrent aphthous ulceration: a review of potential causes and novel treatments

Saikaly, Sami K; Saikaly, Tanya Siham; Saikaly, Lara E

doi:10.1080/09546634.2017.1422079

Cited by 87 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Among them, gut microbial data were from 216 samples, nasal/pharyngeal data were from 253 samples, and skin data were from 346 samples. 6 The results showed that the human oral microbiome diversity was significantly (ANOVA, p < 0.01) lower than that of the gut, nasal/pharyngeal, and skin microbiome ( Supplementary Fig. 1 The results of taxonomy showed that the microbes in human gut samples were at least 288 genera of 16 bacterial phyla and 5 genera of 2 archaeal phyla, slightly more than those of oral samples.…”

Section: Composition Comparison Of Human Oral Microbes With Gut Nasamentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The complex and variable interaction of oral microbes helps the body to fight against the external undesirable stimuli. However, the imbalances of microbial community in oral cavity can lead to the oral diseases, such as the dental caries, periodontitis, oral mucosal diseases and systemic diseases such as gastrointestinal and neurological diseases [2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Therefore, the oral microbiome plays an important role in maintaining the balance between human microbial communities and human health [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human oral microbiome characterization and its association with environmental microbiome revealed by the Earth Microbiome Project

Wang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The oral cavity is an important window for the microbial communication between environment and the human body. The oral microbiome plays an important role in human health. Here, we analyzed 447 datasets from human oral samples published by the Earth Microbiome Project (EMP). The microbes in these human oral samples were taxonomically assigned to at least 266 genera of 18 bacterial and archaeal phyla. Among them, 11 genera with the relative abundance more than 1% were identified as 5 different bacterial phyla. Compared with 815 samples from human gut, nose/pharynx and skin, the oral microbiome showed significantly lower diversity and possessed fewer unknown species than those of other body parts, and had distinct differences in species composition from other body parts. In addition, the oral microbiome showed significant differences in the populations of different countries, which may be determined by the living environment and lifestyle/dietary habits. Finally, the correlation analysis showed highly similarity between the oral microbiome and the microbiomes of Aerosol (non-saline) and Surface (non-saline), two types of environmental microbial habitats related closely to human. Together, these findings expand our understanding to the human oral microbiome.

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Section: Composition Comparison Of Human Oral Microbes With Gut Nasamentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human oral microbiome characterization and its association with environmental microbiome revealed by the Earth Microbiome Project

Wang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Several predisposing factors have been reported, such as trauma allergy, genetic predisposition, endocrine disturbances, emotional stress, and hematological deficiencies. Detailed examination of RAS history can explore the original etiology [27]. Oral Mucosal Trauma and Injuries DOI: http://dx.doi.org /10.5772/intechopen.81201 Treatment: The real etiological factors of RAS are still unclear and all treatment strategies are symptomatic.…”

Section: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fruit consumption would be useful to replace antioxidants via vitamin replenishment. Topical therapies such as mouth rinses are preferred as they have less risk of adverse effects [26,27]. Pain relief is the main strategy of treatment.…”

Section: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Mucosal Trauma and Injuries

Koray¹,

Tosun²

2019

Trauma in Dentistry

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Trauma-related oral lesions are common in clinical practice of dentistry and they can impair patients' normal oral function and cause pain in patients' eating, chewing, and talking. An injury to the oral mucosa can result from physical, chemical, or thermal trauma. Such injuries can result from accidental tooth bite, hard food, sharp edges of the teeth, hot food, or excessive tooth brushing. Some injuries can also be caused by iatrogenic damage during dental treatment or other procedures related to oral cavity. In this chapter, oral mucosal trauma and injuries will be examined in four subclasses: physical and mechanical traumas of oral mucosa; chemical injuries of the oral mucosa; radiation injuries; and electrical, thermal burns.

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“…Local and systemic factors such as stress, hormones, trauma, microorganisms, food, food allergy [13], drugs, immunological diathesis, genetic predisposition [9], and nutritional deficiencies [14,15] seem to play an important role on the development of RAU [2,16]; additionally, the etiology of RAU has been considered multifactorial [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center

Esquivel-Pedraza

Fernández-Cuevas²,

Milke-García

et al. 2018

JDMS

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Background:The frequency of recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) and their relationship with comorbidities has been scarcely described. Methods:We conducted a retrospective analytical study of patients with a presumptive diagnosis of RAU, in order to know the frequency of misdiagnosis of RAU, to delineate the clinical and biochemical characteristics of RAU, and to analyze their correlation with systemic diseases. Three groups of recurrent ulcers were analyzed: a) RAU, b) RAU associated to Behçet´s disease, and c) other recurrent ulcers misdiagnosed as RAU (OU). We recorded clinical and laboratory data. Statistics included Mantel-Haenszel chi square test, Kruskall-Wallis test, and Student´s t test. Results: A total of 141 patients (106 women) were referred with a presumptive diagnosis of RAU: 56 cases (39.7%) with RAU; 10 (7.1%) with RAU in Behçet´s disease, and 75 (53.2%) with OU. RAU subjects presented a lower frequency of rheumatologic diseases than patients with Behçet´s disease ulcers [30.4% vs 70.0%; (p=0.03)] and patients with OU [30.4% vs 54.7%; (p=0.007)]. Additionally, immune deficiency was less common among patients with RAU in comparison to Behçet´s disease [3.6% vs 40.0%; (p=0.003)] and OU [3.6% vs 28.0%; (p‹0.001)]. Higher levels of serum leukocytes were seen in Behçet´s disease [median=8.9 (range 5.3-9.7) × 10 3 cells/mm 3 ] when compared to RAU [median=6.0 (range 3.2-21.2) × 10 3 cells/mm 3 ] and OU [median=6.0 (range 2.3-14.8) × 10 3 cells/mm 3 ] (p<0.04). Conclusions:Misdiagnosis of RAU was frequent; an individual pattern of association to specific groups of systemic diseases was observed in each studied group of recurrent ulcers. RAU and Behçet´s disease ulcers showed clinical and laboratory differences.

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Recurrent aphthous ulceration: a review of potential causes and novel treatments

Abstract: As the exact etiology of RAU is still unknown, therapy is based on symptomatic relief.

Cited by 87 publications

References 112 publications

Human oral microbiome characterization and its association with environmental microbiome revealed by the Earth Microbiome Project

Human oral microbiome characterization and its association with environmental microbiome revealed by the Earth Microbiome Project

Oral Mucosal Trauma and Injuries

Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center

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