Recurrence of malignant melanoma presenting as black-colored pyopneumothorax: a rare entity

Patel, Ganesh; Saxena, Anil Kumar; Khangarot, Suman; Takhar, Rajendra Prasad

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2017.469

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Analysis of pleural fluid is essential to the diagnosis of underlying aetiology. The pleural fluid colour may vary from clear or straw-coloured to blood-tinged or frankly bloody [ 8 ]. It is incredibly unusual to have black coloured pleural effusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yousaf

Jamshaid

Khan

et al. 2020

Breathe

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yousaf

Jamshaid

Khan

et al. 2020

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“…[42] Malignancy was by The most frequently reported cancer is metastatic melanoma (50%). [13,16,17,20,23,35,38] However, BPE is also reported in primary lung malignancies. [12,15] In patients with melanoma, black discoloration is a consequence of cytoplasmic melanin production by the cancerous cells.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two patients underwent pleurodesis. [17,35] The underlying etiology guides targeted treatment. In patients with malignancy, the definitive treatment needs management of cancer.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology, pathological characteristics, and clinical management of black pleural effusion

et al. 2022

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Background: Pleural effusion is characterized by excessive fluid collection in the pleural cavity. Black pleural effusion (BPE) is a rare entity with only limited scientific data. We aimed to review the current literature on black pleural effusion to characterize demographics, etiology, clinical presentation, pathological findings, available treatment strategies, and prognosis of this rare condition.Methods: We performed a systematic review of case reports and series and synthesized data on demographics, manifestations, management, and outcomes of patients with BPE. We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar for any date until January 10, 2021. All studies (n = 31) that reported black pleural effusion in patients were added to the review. Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews registration number: CRD42020213839. Summary and descriptive analysis was performed on Jamovi version 1.2.Results: The mean age of 32 patients with BPE was 53 years, with male predominance (69%). The commonest risk factor was smoking (n = 9) followed by alcohol intake (n = 8). Dyspnea was the commonest symptom (n = 24, 75%). Pleural fluid was mostly exudative (n = 21). The commonest associated diagnosis was malignancy (n = 14), with 50% secondary to metastatic melanoma. The commonest intervention was therapeutic thoracocentesis (n = 25, 78%), and the effusion recurred in half of the cases where recurrence was reported (n = 13). In our review, we found the mortality rate to be at 20.8% (n = 20.8%). 58.3% of the patients were successfully treated and discharged home (n = 14). Conclusion:Although rare, BPE appears to be a relevant symptom as it seems to be frequently associated with modifiable risk factors and underlying malignancy. Our systematic review substantiates a vital research gap as observational research is imperative to characterize BPE further and form a basis for designing tailored diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies for BPE.Abbreviations: BPE = black pleural effusion, PNSCC = pulmonary non-small cell carcinoma, PROSPERO = Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.

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“…There are few reports of recurrent malignant melanoma mainly presenting with pleural effusions in the literature (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) (Table 1); all were con rmed by pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anand, K.et al (13) reported an unusual patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with recurrent pleural effusions, indicating that T-cell dysregulation and dysfunction in CLL may increase the risk of recurrence or secondary malignancies. A 63-year-old man who presented with black-colored pus (pyopneumothorax) resulting from an infected pleural effusion (positive for Pseudomonas) and related to metastatic malignant melanoma of the skin was discussed by Patel, G.et al (14) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleural effusion as the initial manifestation of metastatic melanoma: a case report and literature review

Quan

Qiu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly invasive form of skin cancer with poor prognosis. Pleural metastatic melanoma is rare, with only a few reported cases.Case presentation: A 47-year-old woman with a medical history of right heel melanoma was diagnosed with left-sided pleural effusion, with pleural thickening and calcified mediastinal lymph nodes, using chest computed tomography (CT). A video-assisted thoracoscopic biopsy was performed which revealed numerous pink lumps arising from the parietal pleura and viscera along the diaphragmatic surface. The pathological diagnosis was pleural metastatic melanoma and the tumor cells were immunocytochemically positive for S100, SOX10, and Melan-A.Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of metastatic pleural melanoma are nonspecific. Pleural effusion cytology combined with thoracoscopy is an effective diagnostic method. The presence of melanocytes has improved the diagnosis of this condition.

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Recurrence of malignant melanoma presenting as black-colored pyopneumothorax: a rare entity

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

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Etiology, pathological characteristics, and clinical management of black pleural effusion

Pleural effusion as the initial manifestation of metastatic melanoma: a case report and literature review

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