Recuperação de atributos físicos de um Argissolo em função do seu revolvimento e do tempo de semeadura direta

Marcolan, A. L.; Anghinoni, Ibanor; Fraga, Thiago Isquierdo; Leite, João Guilherme Dal Belo

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832007000300017

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Embora no sistema de semeadura direta (SD) verifiquem-se valores mais elevados de resistência à penetração até 0,2 m de profundidade, o desenvolvimento radicular não foi afetado, pois, conforme relatado por MARCOLAN et al (2007), os solos não mobilizados mantêm a continuidade dos poros, o que facilita o crescimento das raízes por estes espaços. Pode-se dizer também que, para os cultivos atuais de milho com um espaçamento das entrelinhas em torno de 0,7 m e 0,5 m, o sistema de semeadura direta é vantajoso, pois assegura condições estruturais adequadas para o pleno crescimento das plantas; de acordo com VOLK et al (2004) Apesar dos dados de densidade do solo terem evidenciado pouca diferenciação entre SD e PC próximo à superfície, deve-se lembrar que no PC, devido à mobilização do solo, predomina a descontinuidade dos poros, enquanto no SD, embora a porosidade total possa até ser menor, ocorre um contínuo de poros que facilita a movimentação tridimensional da água (SOUZA e ALVES, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Atributos físicos e químicos de um latossolo vermelho eutroférrico sob diferentes sistemas de preparo

et al. 2009

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RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo sobre os atributos físicos e químicos e sua relação com o desenvolvimento de raízes da cultura do milho (Zea mays L.). O experimento foi realizado em Campinas (SP), Brasil. As amostragens foram realizadas no ano agrícola de 1990/1991 após oito anos de implantação do experimento, quando o campo estava cultivado com milho cultivar C-606. Os sistemas de preparo avaliados foram: semeadura direta, preparo com escarificador e preparo convencional, em parcelas de 7,5 m x 15,0 m com três repetições para cada um dos sistemas de preparo. Os atributos físicos e químicos avaliados foram: densidade do solo, resistência do solo à penetração, infiltração, condutividade hidráulica, matéria orgânica (MO), fósforo (P), potássio (K), cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg), pH e saturação por bases (V%). A densidade de raízes de milho foi determinada por meio do método de tradagem. O solo sob semeadura direta proporcionou melhores condições gerais de fertilidade de 0,0-0,1 m de profundidade, comparativamente aos tratamentos com preparo mecânico, e abaixo dessa profundidade o efeito foi inverso. Entretanto, tais diferenças não influenciaram o desenvolvimento radicular das plantas de milho. Os atributos físicos medidos permitiram identificar camadas mais adensadas provocadas pela profundidade e repetição das operações mecânicas para preparo do solo e estas reduziram a densidade de raízes do milho.Palavras-chave: semeadura direta; preparo com escarificador; preparo convencional; sistemas de manejo;Zea mays L.. ABSTRACT PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF A RHODIC HAPLUDOX UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMSThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different soil tillage systems on soil physical and chemical attributes and their relationships with root development of maize (Zea mays L.) crop. The experiment was conducted at the Campinas Experimental Center of Instituto Agronômico, located in Campinas, SP, Brazil. The measurements were made during the 1990/91 summer cropping season when the field was cultivated with the cultivar C-606 of mayze crop. The tillage systems evaluated were: no tillage, soil tilled with chisel plow, and conventional soil tillage with disk plow and harrow, in plots measuring 7.5 m by 15.0 m, with three replications each. The soil physical and chemical attributes evaluated were: bulk density, soil penetration resistence, infiltration rate, hydraulic conductivity, organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, pH and base saturation. The maize crop root density was determined using the auger method. The soil under no tillage showed the best soil fertility of the layer 0,0-0,1 m as compared to the soil tilled treatments. At the layers bellow that depth, the effect was the reverse. However, these differences did not affect the maize crop root development. The measured soil physical attributes allowed the identification of higher density layers caused by depth and repetition of mechanical operations of soil till...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Atributos físicos e químicos de um latossolo vermelho eutroférrico sob diferentes sistemas de preparo

et al. 2009

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“…According to Collares et al (2006) and Mazurana et al (2011), this action results in reduced soil density and mechanical resistance, and increased macroporosity (Marcolan et al, 2007;Rosa et al, 2008;Nunes et al, 2015), which provides reduction of critical soil density according to Logsdon & Karlen (2004), basic conditions for the proper development and productivity of agricultural crops, as evidenced by Debiasi et al (2010). Veiga et al (2007) explain that soil disturbance at the sowing row decreases soil resistance to penetration up to twelve centimeters when using a hoe furrow opener, and there is no formation of compacted layers with higher resistance to root penetration in the soil.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance of Ultisol soil based on interactions between furrow openers and coulters for the no-tillage system

et al. 2016

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The present study evaluated the effect of different associations between coulters and fertilizer furrow openers on soil disturbance, furrow depth and width, according to forward speed. The study was conducted on a farm in Santa Maria (Brazil/RS), in soil classified as sandy loam Ultisol. The experiment consisted of 24 combinations of treatments with three replications in a 2×3×4 factorial experiment. The combinations were formed by the interaction of the factors including: two types of furrow openers (hoe and double-disc), three types of coulters (no-coulter, smooth and offset fluted) and four levels of forward speed (1.11, 1.67, 2.22 and 2.78 m/s). Soil elevation and soil disturbance area profiles were obtained with the use of a micro profilometer, and disturbance values were calculated with the aid of computer software program Auto Cad. The disturbance area was not affected by speed; it was greater when using the hoe opener, and in association with the offset fluted coulter. Speed was inversely proportional to the depth of the furrows made by the hoe opener. Furthermore, the hoe caused the greatest furrow width (0.26 m) in comparison with the double-disc (0.24 m). The use of different coulters associated with furrow openers increased this variable (0.23 m for the no-coulter condition, 0.25 m with smooth and 0.26 m with offset fluted). The use of coulters combined with furrow openers reduces soil swelling, in approximately 8% for the smooth and 20% for the offset fluted.

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“…Conventional tillage system disrupts the soil and increases erosion (Bertol et al, 2004), and decreases soil aggregate stability (Marcolan et al, 2007) and water retention in the soil (Vieira and Klein, 2007). In addition, it can compact the soil in deeper layers, forming a "plow pan" a compacted area which occurs below the tilled soil layer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Properties of a Hapludox after Three Decades under Different Soil Management Systems

Silva

Albuquerque

Costa

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Changes in soil physical properties due to different management systems occur slowly, and long-term studies are needed to assess soil quality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of soil management systems and liming methods on the physical properties of a Latossolo Bruno Alumínico típico (Hapludox). A long-term experiment that began in 1978 with conventional and no-tillage systems was assessed. In addition, different liming methods (no lime, incorporated lime, and lime on the soil surface) have been applied since 1987 and were also evaluated in this study. Moreover, an area of native forest was evaluated and considered a reference for the natural condition of the soil. Soil physical properties were evaluated in layers to a depth of 1.00 m. Compared to native forest, the conventional tillage and no-tillage systems had higher soil bulk density, penetration resistance, and microporosity, and lower aggregate stability and macroporosity. Compared to the conventional tillage system, long-term no-tillage improved the structure of the Hapludox, as evidenced by increased microporosity and aggregate stability, especially in the soil surface layer. In no-tillage with lime applications sporadically incorporated, soil physical properties did not differ from no-tillage without lime and with lime applied on the soil surface, indicating that this practice maintains the physical quality of soil under no-tillage. Liming in a conventional tillage system improved soil aggregation and reduces penetration resistance in the soil layers near the soil surface. No-tillage was the main practice related to improvement of soil physical quality, and liming methods did not influence soil physical properties in this soil management system.

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Recuperação de atributos físicos de um Argissolo em função do seu revolvimento e do tempo de semeadura direta

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Atributos físicos e químicos de um latossolo vermelho eutroférrico sob diferentes sistemas de preparo

Atributos físicos e químicos de um latossolo vermelho eutroférrico sob diferentes sistemas de preparo

Disturbance of Ultisol soil based on interactions between furrow openers and coulters for the no-tillage system

Physical Properties of a Hapludox after Three Decades under Different Soil Management Systems

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