Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma is an uncommon condition that can mimic other conditions associated with an acute abdomen. We report the case of a patient with a spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma due to a ruptured inferior epigastric artery pseudoaneurysm who presented with hypotension and severe abdominal pain and was diagnosed using emergency department point-of-care ultrasonography. Point-of-care ultrasonography has been increasingly used in the evaluation of emergency department patients with acute abdomen and hypotension to expedite the diagnosis and management of aortic aneurysm and intraperitoneal bleeding. Resuscitation and urgent surgical and interventional radiology consultations resulted in the successful embolization of a branch of the inferior epigastric artery and a good outcome.
RÉ SUMÉL'hé matome spontané de la gaine du grand droit est un é vé nement rare, qui peut simuler d'autres affections associé es à un abdomen aigu. Nous faisons é tat, dans le pré sent article, du cas d'un patient qui a consulté pour un hé matome spontané de la gaine du grand droit, attribuable à la rupture d'un pseudo-ané vrisme de l'artè re é pigastrique infé rieure; le malade é tait en é tat d'hypotension et ressentait de vives douleurs abdominales. Le diagnostic a é té posé à partir d'une é chographie pratiqué e à l'urgence. On recourt de plus en plus à ce type d'examen pour é valuer les patients aux services des urgences, qui pré sentent un abdomen aigu et de l'hypotension, afin d'accé lé rer la pose du diagnostic d'ané vrisme de l'aorte et d'hé morragie intrapé ritoné ale ainsi que leur prise en charge. Les manoeuvres de ré animation auxquelles s'ajoutent les consultations urgentes en radiologie interventionnelle et en chirurgie ont permis l'embolisation d'une ramification de l'artè re é pigastrique infé rieure et l'obtention d'une issue favorable.Keywords: inferior epigastric artery rupture, rectus sheath hematoma, ultrasonographyRectus sheath hematoma (RSH) is a rare and frequently misdiagnosed cause of abdominal pain that can mimic other conditions associated with an acute abdomen.1,2 RSH is associated with a variety of etiologies, including 1) sudden abdominal wall muscular contraction from coughing, sneezing, or strenuous exercise; 2) direct trauma or surgical procedures; 3) pregnancy and labour; 4) hyperextension of the rectus muscle associated with obesity, ascites, or tumours; and 5) coagulopathy.
1-3Abdominal surgery, trauma, and anticoagulant therapy are the most common predisposing factors for RSH, [1][2][3] and ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) are the imaging modalities of choice in suspected cases. [4][5][6] We report the case of a patient with a spontaneous RSH due to a ruptured inferior epigastric artery pseudoaneurysm who presented with hypotension and severe abdominal pain and was diagnosed using pointof-care ultrasonography. The purpose of this report is to increase awareness in the emergency medicine community regarding the possibility of RSH in the appropriate context and to...