Rectification and voltage gating of ion currents in a nanofabricated pore

Siwy, Zuzanna S.; Gu, Yuchun; Spohr, Hilmar A.; Baur, Dagmar; Wolf-Reber, A.; Spohr, R.; Apel, P.Yu.; Korchev, Yuri E.

doi:10.1209/epl/i2002-00271-3

Cited by 241 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Synthetic nanochannels have been fabricated as mimics of real biological nanopores and ion channels [4]. A recent intriguing finding was that conically shaped nanopores can be put to work as promising sensing elements for small molecules [5], DNAs [6], proteins [7] and yet other substances [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rectification in synthetic conical nanopores: A one-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck model

et al. 2008

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Ion transport in biological and synthetic nanochannels is characterized by phenomena such as ion current fluctuations and rectification. Recently, it has been demonstrated that nanofabricated synthetic pores can mimic transport properties of biological ion channels [P. Yu. Apel, et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 184, 337 (2001); Z. Siwy, et al., Europhys. Lett. 60, 349 (2002)]. Here, the ion current rectification is studied within a reduced 1D Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) model of synthetic nanopores. A conical channel of a few nm to a few hundred of nm in diameter, and of few µm long is considered in the limit where the channel length considerably exceeds the Debye screening length. The rigid channel wall is assumed to be weakly charged. A onedimensional reduction of the three-dimensional problem in terms of corresponding entropic effects is put forward. The ion transport is described by the non-equilibrium steady-state solution of the 1D Poisson-Nernst-Planck system within a singular perturbation treatment. An analytic formula for the approximate rectification current in the lowest order perturbation theory is derived. A detailed comparison between numerical results and the singular perturbation theory is presented.The crucial importance of the asymmetry in the potential jumps at the pore ends on the rectification effect is demonstrated. This so constructed 1D theory is shown to describe well the experimental data in the regime of small-to-moderate electric currents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rectification in synthetic conical nanopores: A one-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck model

et al. 2008

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“…Several nanofluidic platforms based on nanopores and nanochannels were reported to produce ionic current rectification by symmetry breaking 15 in geometries [16][17][18][19] , surface charge distributions (either intrinsic material properties 20,21 or chemically modified properties 22,23 ), bath concentrations 24 , or a combination of them, for example, by positively and negatively patterning charged regions in conical nanopores 25 . Nevertheless, it has not been possible to change the predefined rectifying properties obtained by these approaches once the devices are made.…”

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confidence: 99%

Field-effect reconfigurable nanofluidic ionic diodes

2011

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several types of nanofluidic devices based on nanopores and nanochannels have been reported to yield ionic current rectification, with the aim to control the delivery of chemical species in integrated systems. However, the rectifying properties obtained by existing approaches cannot be altered once the devices are made. It would be desirable to have the ability to modulate the predefined properties in situ without introducing external chemical stimuli. Here we report a field-effect reconfigurable nanofluidic diode, with a single asymmetrically placed gate or dual split-gate on top of the nanochannel. The forward/reverse directions of the diode as well as the degrees of rectification can be regulated by the application of gate voltages. Compared with the stimuli-responsive tuning of the rectification properties, the electrostatic modulation offers a fully independent and digitally programmable approach for controlling the preferential conduction of ions and molecules in fluids. This device would serve as a building block for largescale integration of reconfigurable ionic circuits.

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“…To produce nearly cylindrical pores in PET, irradiated foil has been etched in NaOH (1 M) at 40 o C. Irradiation of the PET foil followed by etching of the latent tracks breaks some of ester bonds (generating free carboxyl groups) and makes the porous membrane more hydrophilic [27]. The dangling bonds respond to external electric fields and also introduce ion-current rectification mechanism [28]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaotic behavior of ion exchange phenomena in polymer gel electrolytes through irradiated polymeric membrane

et al. 2012

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A desktop experiment has been done to show the nonlinearity in the I-V characteristics of an ion conducting electrochemical micro-system. Its chaotic dynamics is being reported for the first time which has been captured by an electronic circuit. Polyvinylidene fluoride-cohexafluoropropene (PVdF-HFP) gel electrolyte comprising of a combination of plasticizers (ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate) and salts have been prepared to study the exchange of ions through porous poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) membranes. The nonlinearity of this system is due to the ion exchange of the polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) through a porous membrane. The different regimes of spiking and non-spiking chaotic motions are being presented. The possible applications are highlighted.

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Rectification and voltage gating of ion currents in a nanofabricated pore

Cited by 241 publications

References 27 publications

Rectification in synthetic conical nanopores: A one-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck model

Rectification in synthetic conical nanopores: A one-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck model

Field-effect reconfigurable nanofluidic ionic diodes

Chaotic behavior of ion exchange phenomena in polymer gel electrolytes through irradiated polymeric membrane

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