Rectal Gland Chemistry, Volatile Emissions, and Antennal Responses of Male and Female Banana Fruit Fly, Bactrocera musae

Noushini, Saeedeh; Pérez, J. Enrique; Park, Soo J.; Holgate, Danielle; Jamie, Ian M.; Jamie, Joanne F.; Taylor, Phillip W.

doi:10.3390/insects11010032

Cited by 16 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Nine of the saturated and unsaturated esters in B. frauenfeldi have also been reported in B. oleae, with ethyl myristate and ethyl palmitate as the major compounds in both species [49]. B. musae rectal glands were also reported to contain twelve of the esters found in female B. frauenfeldi with ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, and ethyl palmitate as the most abundant components [61]. Ethyl caprate, which was EAG active for females of B. frauenfeldi, has been found to attract both males and females of B. oleae [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…For instance, EE, EZ, and ZZ isomers of 2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro [5.5]undecane have been reported in the rectal glands of Z. cucumis [33]. (E,E)-2,8-Dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro [5.5]undecane (3) have been also found in the rectal glands of B. dorsalis, B. nigrotibialis (Perkins), B. albistrigata (Meijere), B. jarvisi (Tryon), B. kirki (Froggatt), B. kraussi (Hardy), B. musae (Tryon), and B. tryoni [33,34,45,[58][59][60][61]. This compound was also found in both sexes of B. frauenfeldi, although it was less abundant in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most abundant compound in males was (E,E)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro [5.5]undecane. The spiroacetal (E,E)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro [5.5]undecane has been previously reported in the rectal glands of male B. nigrotibialis (Perkins), B. halfordiae (Tryon), B. dorsalis (Hendel), B. kirki (Froggatt), B. latifrons (Hendel), and B. occipitalis (Bezzi) and in female B. tryoni (Froggatt) and B. musae [4,58,[61][62][63]. In addition to the compounds found in males, the female rectal gland and headspace extracts included saturated and unsaturated acids and esters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attraction and Electrophysiological Response to Identified Rectal Gland Volatiles in Bactrocera frauenfeldi (Schiner)

et al. 2020

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Bactrocera frauenfeldi (Schiner) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a polyphagous fruit fly pest species that is endemic to Papua New Guinea and has become established in several Pacific Islands and Australia. Despite its economic importance for many crops and the key role of chemical-mediated sexual communication in the reproductive biology of tephritid fruit flies, as well as the potential application of pheromones as attractants, there have been no studies investigating the identity or activity of rectal gland secretions or emission profiles of this species. The present study (1) identifies the chemical profile of volatile compounds produced in rectal glands and released by B. frauenfeldi, (2) investigates which of the volatile compounds elicit an electroantennographic or electropalpographic response, and (3) investigates the potential function of glandular emissions as mate-attracting sex pheromones. Rectal gland extracts and headspace collections from sexually mature males and females of B. frauenfeldi were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Male rectal glands contained (E,E)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro [5.5]undecane as a major component and (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane as a moderate component. Minor components included palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, and ethyl oleate. In contrast, female rectal glands contained (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and ethyl laurate as major components, ethyl myristate and ethyl palmitoleate as moderate components, and 18 minor compounds including amides, esters, and spiroacetals. Although fewer compounds were detected from the headspace collections of both males and females than from the gland extractions, most of the abundant chemicals in the rectal gland extracts were also detected in the headspace collections. Gas chromatography coupled electroantennographic detection found responses to (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane from the antennae of both male and female B. frauenfeldi. Responses to (E,E)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane were elicited from the antennae of females but not males. The two spiroacetals also elicited electropalpographic responses from both male and female B. frauenfeldi. Ethyl caprate and methyl laurate, found in female rectal glands, elicited responses in female antennae and palps, respectively. Y-maze bioassays showed that females were attracted to the volatiles from male rectal glands but males were not. Neither males nor females were attracted to the volatiles from female rectal glands. Our findings suggest (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and (E,E)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane as components of a sex-attracting pheromone in B. frauenfeldi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attraction and Electrophysiological Response to Identified Rectal Gland Volatiles in Bactrocera frauenfeldi (Schiner)

et al. 2020

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“…Ten EAG recordings were obtained. A response was considered genuine if it was present in at least seven out of the ten replicates collected ( Noushini et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of an improved method to screen semiochemicals of insect

Li¹,

Cao²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background A combination of gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is typically used to screen active compounds that play a role in the regulation of insect behavior. This method uses two kinds of gas chromatography (GC) equipment and needs to compare compounds between the two chromatograms, and it is tedious and costly. To improve detection efficiency, as well as reduce costs and the rate of missed detection, we designed a system connecting gas chromatography (GC), electroantennography (EAG), and mass spectrometry (MS), with MS used instead of the flame ionization detector (FID) as the GC-EAD detector. To verify the feasibility of the improved method, we compare two methods—GC-EAG-MS and GC-EAD—through a series of experiments. Some researchers made similar improvements, but these were not compared with GC-EAD, and their method needed to be improved in the synchronization and split ratio. Our method has been optimized and improved in these aspects. Methods Helicoverpa armigera was the test organism; the improved method and conventional method were used to detect known and unknown compounds, as well as screen out active compounds that could generate responses in H. armigera antennae. Results Screening known single compounds using the two methods, the active compound benzaldehyde was detected in all seven concentrations of solution. By using the two methods, the five same active compounds of Helicoverpa armigera were detected in high concentration solution of the mixed compounds (100 mg L−1, 50 mg L−1); the four same active compounds were detected at 20 mg L−1 concentration; two identical same compounds were detected in low concentration solution (concentrations of 10 mg L−1 and below). By using the two methods, six identical active compounds of Helicoverpa armigera were detected in unknown compounds. Conclusion The improved method was consistent with the conventional method in terms of accuracy and sensitivity. However, compared with the traditional methods, Gas chromatography-electroantennographic-mass spectrometry (GC-EAG-MS) saved the cost of GC and FID equipment, thereby greatly lowering the experimental cost. In the experiment, GC-EAG-MS combined the two experimental operations of screening active substances by GC-EAD and identifying active substances by GC-MS into one, which not only reduced the experimental steps, but also avoided the false positive caused by the comparison of the two chromatograms, and it greatly reduced the difficulty level of the overall experimental analysis. GC-EAG-MS is more convenient, efficient, economical, and practical, and could confidently replace traditional methods. With further optimization, it could be widely applied in the study of plant and insect chemical ecology.

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“…In all Bactrocera species studied so far, both sexes produce and release pheromone chemicals, albeit interspecific differences exist. In Bactrocera musae (Tryon), a polyphagous pest distributed in Australia and Papua New Guinea mainland [ 75 ], both sexes produce volatile pheromones, but its complexity is higher in females than males [ 76 ].…”

Section: Semiochemicals and Reproductive Behaviour—an Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephritid Fruit Fly Semiochemicals: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Scolari

Valerio

Benelli

et al. 2021

Insects

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The Dipteran family Tephritidae (true fruit flies) comprises more than 5000 species classified in 500 genera distributed worldwide. Tephritidae include devastating agricultural pests and highly invasive species whose spread is currently facilitated by globalization, international trade and human mobility. The ability to identify and exploit a wide range of host plants for oviposition, as well as effective and diversified reproductive strategies, are among the key features supporting tephritid biological success. Intraspecific communication involves the exchange of a complex set of sensory cues that are species- and sex-specific. Chemical signals, which are standing out in tephritid communication, comprise long-distance pheromones emitted by one or both sexes, cuticular hydrocarbons with limited volatility deposited on the surrounding substrate or on the insect body regulating medium- to short-distance communication, and host-marking compounds deposited on the fruit after oviposition. In this review, the current knowledge on tephritid chemical communication was analysed with a special emphasis on fruit fly pest species belonging to the Anastrepha, Bactrocera, Ceratitis, and Rhagoletis genera. The multidisciplinary approaches adopted for characterising tephritid semiochemicals, and the real-world applications and challenges for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and biological control strategies are critically discussed. Future perspectives for targeted research on fruit fly chemical communication are highlighted.

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Rectal Gland Chemistry, Volatile Emissions, and Antennal Responses of Male and Female Banana Fruit Fly, Bactrocera musae

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Attraction and Electrophysiological Response to Identified Rectal Gland Volatiles in Bactrocera frauenfeldi (Schiner)

Attraction and Electrophysiological Response to Identified Rectal Gland Volatiles in Bactrocera frauenfeldi (Schiner)

Efficacy of an improved method to screen semiochemicals of insect

Tephritid Fruit Fly Semiochemicals: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

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