Rectal Bleeding in Infants: Diagnostic Work-up and Management

Isoldi, Sara; Quitadamo, Paolo; Mallardo, Saverio; Zenzeri, Letizia; Ceccanti, Silvia; Battagliere, Ilaria; Bene, Margherita Del; Nardo, Giovanni Di

doi:10.2174/1573396319666230210111048

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…A differential diagnosis should be made with the following conditions [27,[57][58][59][60]. Anal fissures represent the most common cause of bleeding in children younger than one year of age.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergic Proctocolitis: Literature Review and Proposal of a Diagnostic–Therapeutic Algorithm

Barni,

Mori,

Giovannini

et al. 2023

Life

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Allergic proctocolitis (AP) is a benign condition, frequent in childhood, that is classified as a non-IgE-mediated food allergy. The prevalence is unknown; however, its frequency appears to be increasing, especially in exclusively breastfed infants. Clinical manifestations typically begin in the first few months of life with the appearance of bright red blood (hematochezia), with or without mucus, in the stool of apparently healthy, thriving infants. Most cases of AP are caused by cow’s milk proteins; however, other allergens, such as soy, egg, corn, and wheat, may be potential triggers. Diagnosis is based on the patient’s clinical history and on the resolution of signs and symptoms with the elimination of the suspected food antigen from the diet and their reappearance when the food is reintroduced into the diet. The treatment of AP is based on an elimination diet of the trigger food, with resolution of the symptoms within 72–96 h from the beginning of the diet. The prognosis of AP is good; it is a self-limiting condition, because most children can tolerate the trigger food within one year of life, with an excellent long-term prognosis. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current knowledge and recommendations in epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic terms to the pediatricians, allergists, and gastroenterologists who may find themselves managing a patient with AP.

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Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%