Recrystallization of a Ti-45Ni-5Cu cold-worked shape memory alloy characterized by thermoelectric power and electrical properties

Effect of Spun Velocities and Composition on the R‒phase and Thermomechanical Behavior in Ti‒Ni Ribbons Electrically Heated

“…At around 0 MPa (figure 3b) an important strain recovery of almost 2% can be observed, which can be related to a reorientation of martensite variants during the melt spinning process in the direction of the wheel rotation. This phenomenon has been previously observed during cold drawing 30 and cold rolling 31 , the TiNi base alloy has shown a strong variant anisotropy in the direction of the fabrication process, this can be easily observed because these samples show a strain recovery without any applied stress after the elaboration process and a heat treatment, i.e. in curves of strain vs. temperature at 0 MPa, they present a strain or a displacement in the direction of the process, which is actually a Two Way Memory Effect (TWME).…”

The origin of the effect of aging on the thermoelectric power of maraging C250 steel

“…Austenite phase, known to be formed after prolonged aging, was not observed. The decrease in TEP value is noticeably larger when compared to other aged alloys (for example [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]). This raises the question why such a decrease in TEP is observed in maraging steel.…”

“…Since the density of states, N d (E), and its differential, oN d E ð Þ oE , in the 3d band are significantly higher than in the 4s band, we can relate these factors to the XPS spectrum intensity in the Fermi level, I(E), and its differential, in a following way [19]:…”

“…Another potential non-destructive method for monitoring the aging state of maraging steels is the measurement of thermoelectric power (TEP), also known as the Seeback coefficient (S). This method was proved effective for evaluating thermal aging of various metallic systems, mainly ferrous and Al-based alloys [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The TEP value is associated with the conductor's tendency to develop an electric voltage under a temperature gradient [14].…”