Recruitment of the default mode network during a demanding act of executive control

Crittenden, Ben M.; Mitchell, D. N.; Duncan, John

doi:10.7554/elife.06481

Cited by 169 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These regions are reliably activated in the absence of a task (i.e., resting-state fMRI sessions; for review, see [6]), though it is unlikely that the DMN is a purely task-negative network [7][8][9]. The DMN is also involved in autobiographical planning and internally guided thoughts [10,11].…”

Section: Mind Wandering and The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neural Model of Mind Wandering

Mittner

Hawkins²,

Boekel³

et al. 2016

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

164

114

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Section: Mind Wandering and The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neural Model of Mind Wandering

Mittner

Hawkins²,

Boekel³

et al. 2016

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

164

114

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“…Second, intracranial electrophysiology studies of DMN areas have shown increased activity immediately at the offset of task performance, perhaps too rapidly to reflect mind-wandering (49). Third, fMRI studies with unique task paradigms suggest that under certain contexts, increased DMN activity occurs during cognitive processes that may involve aspects of externally oriented attention (17,18,50). Finally, studies of spontaneous prestimulus activity suggest nuanced relationships of DMN activity with attentional performance (51,52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, although the DMN is commonly deactivated during externally oriented tasks requiring cognitive control (15), older adult populations report low levels of mind-wandering during task performance yet exhibit attenuated DMN deactivation (16). Additionally, in certain contexts, increased DMN activity is time-locked to stimulus changes in the external environment (17,18).Although spontaneous increases of DMN activity are postulated to reflect mind-wandering, a highly consistent finding is that DMN activity is higher when ongoing behavior is stable rather than variable (19-21). This finding would be counterintuitive if there were a one-to-one mapping between mind-wandering intensity and DMN activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Spontaneous default network activity reflects behavioral variability independent of mind-wandering

Kucyi

Esterman

Riley

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

127

140

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The brain's default mode network (DMN) is highly active during wakeful rest when people are not overtly engaged with a sensory stimulus or externally oriented task. In multiple contexts, increased spontaneous DMN activity has been associated with self-reported episodes of mind-wandering, or thoughts that are unrelated to the present sensory environment. Mind-wandering characterizes much of waking life and is often associated with error-prone, variable behavior. However, increased spontaneous DMN activity has also been reliably associated with stable, rather than variable, behavior. We aimed to address this seeming contradiction and to test the hypothesis that single measures of attentional states, either based on selfreport or on behavior, are alone insufficient to account for DMN activity fluctuations. Thus, we simultaneously measured varying levels of self-reported mind-wandering, behavioral variability, and brain activity with fMRI during a unique continuous performance task optimized for detecting attentional fluctuations. We found that even though mind-wandering co-occurred with increased behavioral variability, highest DMN signal levels were best explained by intense mind-wandering combined with stable behavior simultaneously, compared with considering either single factor alone. These brainbehavior-experience relationships were highly consistent within known DMN subsystems and across DMN subregions. In contrast, such relationships were absent or in the opposite direction for other attention-relevant networks (salience, dorsal attention, and frontoparietal control networks). Our results suggest that the cognitive processes that spontaneous DMN activity specifically reflects are only partially related to mind-wandering and include also attentional state fluctuations that are not captured by self-report.daydreaming | default mode network | sustained attention | spontaneous thought | resting state T he brain's default mode network (DMN) has been described as a distributed set of regions in association cortices showing increased activity during undirected, awake "resting" states relative to a wide variety of states that commonly involve externally oriented attention (1, 2). During undirected, awake life, humans frequently engage in mind-wandering, self-generated thoughts unrelated to the immediate sensory world (3). Based on such observations, researchers have considered that increased spontaneous DMN activation could be a neurophysiological correlate of mind-wandering (4, 5).Neuroimaging studies that have incorporated self-report measures suggest a role of the DMN in spontaneous cognition. Converging evidence from tasks that elicit mind-wandering (6, 7), interindividual differences in mind-wandering tendencies (8), and intraindividual fluctuations in self-reports (9-12) suggests that DMN activity is increased during stimulus-independent, taskunrelated thought. The DMN is also engaged when subjects actively think about the past, the future, and the perspectives of other people, all of which constitute the type...

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“…No published study has directly tested for these competing alternatives within a single experiment, and other hypotheses have been proposed in the interim, such as, for instance, that the DMN is driven by significant revisions of cognitive context, regardless of whether it the context is externally or internally focused (Crittenden, Mitchell, and Duncan, 2015).…”

Section: Intentionality-based Imagination (Recollective/social)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The imaginative mind

Abraham

2016

Human Brain Mapping

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The astounding capacity for the human imagination to be engaged across a wide range of contexts is limitless and fundamental to our day‐to‐day experiences. Although processes of imagination are central to human psychological function, they rarely occupy center stage in academic discourse or empirical study within psychological and neuroscientific realms. The aim of this paper is to tackle this imbalance by drawing together the multitudinous facets of imagination within a common framework. The processes fall into one of five categories depending on whether they are characterized as involving perceptual/motor related mental imagery, intentionality or recollective processing, novel combinatorial or generative processing, exceptional phenomenology in the aesthetic response, or altered psychological states which range from commonplace to dysfunctional. These proposed categories are defined on the basis of theoretical ideas from philosophy as well as empirical evidence from neuroscience. By synthesizing the findings across these domains of imagination, this novel five‐part or quinquepartite classification of the human imagination aids in systematizing, and thereby abets, our understanding of the workings and neural foundations of the human imagination. It would serve as a blueprint to direct further advances in the field of imagination while also promoting crosstalk with reference to stimulus‐oriented facets of information processing. A biologically and ecologically valid psychology is one that seeks to explain fundamental aspects of human nature. Given the ubiquitous nature of the imaginative operations in our daily lives, there can be little doubt that these quintessential aspects of the mind should be central to the discussion. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4197–4211, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Recruitment of the default mode network during a demanding act of executive control

Cited by 169 publications

References 25 publications

A Neural Model of Mind Wandering

A Neural Model of Mind Wandering

Spontaneous default network activity reflects behavioral variability independent of mind-wandering

The imaginative mind

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