Recruitment of CD1a+ Langerhans cells to the nasal mucosa in seasonal allergic rhinitis and effects of topical corticosteroid therapy

Till, Stephen J.; Jacobson, Mikila R.; O’Brien, Frances; Durham, Stephen R.; KleinJan, Alex; Fokkens, Wytske J.; Júlíusson, Sigurður; Löwhagen, O.

doi:10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056002126.x

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Reduced PDC numbers are unlikely to contribute to the therapeutic effect of glucocorticoid treatment in patients with nasal allergy, since for untreated patients PDC numbers were already low in our study. Our results are consistent with findings by others of nonselective reduction of all infiltrating immune cells (3,26,40) and of CD1a-positive and MHC-II-positive cells (2,27,40,51) after topical corticosteroid treatment. Local corticosteroids have been shown to act through the inhibition of the production of chemokines such as TARC in the nasal mucosa (37).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Analysis of Plasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Nasal Epithelium

Hartmann

Graefe

Hopert

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), the major producers of alpha interferon upon viral infection, in the nasal mucosa is largely unknown. Here we examined the presence of PDC together with myeloid dendritic cells (MDC) in the nasal epithelia of healthy individuals, of asymptomatic patients with chronic nasal allergy, of patients undergoing steroid therapy, and of patients with infectious rhinitis or rhinosinusitis. Considerable numbers of PDC and MDC could be detected in the nasal epithelium. Furthermore, we demonstrate the expression of SDF-1, the major chemoattractant for PDC, in the nasal epithelium. PDC levels were significantly lower for patients with allergies than for healthy individuals. Interestingly, PDC and MDC were almost absent from patients who received treatment with glucocorticoids, while very high numbers of PDC were found for patients with recent upper respiratory tract infections. Our results demonstrate for the first time a quantitative analysis of PDC and MDC in the healthy nasal epithelium and in nasal epithelia from patients with different pathological conditions. With the identification of PDC, the major target cell for CpG DNA or immunostimulatory RNA, in the nasal epithelium, this study forms the basis for a local nasal application of such oligonucleotides for the treatment of viral infection and allergy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Analysis of Plasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Nasal Epithelium

Hartmann

Graefe

Hopert

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…They reduce DC numbers in the mouse spleen (32) and inhibit accumulation of DCs in nasal and bronchial mucosae of atopic patients (33,34). Corticosteroids are potent inhibitors of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-or CD40L-induced phenotypic DC maturation and impair their production of proinflammatory IL-12p70 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic Cell Subset Ratio in Tolerant, Weaning and Non-Tolerant Liver Recipients Is Not Affected by Extent of Immunosuppression

Mazariegos

Zahorchak

Reyes

et al. 2005

American Journal of Transplantation

103

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Dendritic cell (DC) subsets regulate alloimmune responses and may play a role in transplant tolerance. We extend an analysis of circulating precursors (p) of CD11c + CD123 −/lo (IL-3Ra −/lo ) (pDC1) and CD11c − CD123 hi (pDC2) DC subsets in primary cadaveric liver allograft recipients. Additionally, we examine DC subset levels in relation to the nature and extent of immunosuppressive therapy. The data consolidate the finding that the pDC2/pDC1 subset ratio is significantly higher in patients on minimal calcineurin inhibitor monotherapy undergoing successful weaning (n = 36) and in those off all anti-rejection therapy (n = 18) compared with patients on maintenance immunosuppression (n = 21). No relationship was found between the incidence of either pDC subset or the pDC subset ratio and time post-transplant or time off immunosuppression in any group. There was also no correlation between the pDC subset ratio and either prednisone or tacrolimus dose or tacrolimus trough blood level. No evidence was found that combination of these drugs influenced the incidence of pDC2 relative to pDC1. Thus, a greater prevalence of pDC2 in stable liver recipients on low dose anti-rejection therapy or in those off immunosuppression, compared with that in patients on maintenance immunosuppression, does not reflect a differential effect of anti-rejection drugs on pDC subsets.

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“…By contrast, no evidence has been seen so far that indicates that pDC play a role in lower respiratory tract immunology (40). A number of mechanisms described above could account for the effects of therapeutic treatment strategies such as the use of topical corticosteroids in suppressing the seasonal increases in the number of nasal mucosal CD1 + LC by the inhibition of the release of cytokines such as Granulocyte-Macrophage-Colony-StimulatingFactor (GM-CSF) from the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract and IL-4, which favour the activation and differentiation of DC in vivo and in vitro (39,(41)(42)(43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Antigen Presenting Cells Of the Nasal Mucosamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of antigen presenting cells at distinct anatomic sites: they accelerate and they slow down allergies

Novak

Allam

Betten

et al. 2003

Allergy

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It has been repeatedly demonstrated that allergic reactions are driven by the continuous flow of antigen uptake and presentation processes, which are perpetuated mainly by dendritic cells (DC). The ability of allergens to cause allergic inflammation is contingent upon the presence of an immunological milieu and microenvironment that either privileges Th2 responses or prohibits these reactions by the induction of contraregulatory anti‐inflammatory activities of the immune system. In the light of recent developments it appears that DC have to manage two opposing tasks: on the one hand they can favor pro‐inflammatory reactions and actively induce a T‐cell response, yet on the other hand they serve an important function as ‘silencers’ in the immune system by sending out anti‐inflammatory, tolerance inducing signals. This unique capacity of DC has opened several exciting possibilities for a role of DC in both – accelerating and slowing down allergic reactions. It is therefore a challenge to understand in which way DC subtypes located at distinct anatomic sites with frequent allergen exposure, such as the skin, the nasal mucosa, the respiratory tree or the mucosa of the intestinal tract can have an impact on mechanisms involved in tolerance induction or effective immunity.

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Recruitment of CD1a+ Langerhans cells to the nasal mucosa in seasonal allergic rhinitis and effects of topical corticosteroid therapy

Cited by 51 publications

References 35 publications

Analysis of Plasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Nasal Epithelium

Analysis of Plasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Nasal Epithelium

Dendritic Cell Subset Ratio in Tolerant, Weaning and Non-Tolerant Liver Recipients Is Not Affected by Extent of Immunosuppression

The role of antigen presenting cells at distinct anatomic sites: they accelerate and they slow down allergies

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