Recovery of zinc and manganese from spent batteries by reductive leaching in acidic media

Buzatu, Mihai; Săceanu, Simona; Petrescu, Mircea Ionuţ; Ghica, Gabriel Valeriu; Buzatu, Traian

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.09.001

Cited by 52 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…2 Recycling of spent zinc-MnO 2 dry cells is the best choice to handle this residue from an environmental point of view, and has also become an urgent matter for resource saving. [14][15][16][17] They have been regarded as a secondary source of zinc and manganese. 9,15,18,19 Due to the rising demand and limited supply from natural sources, manganese and zinc have been listed among the strategic metals by many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

et al. 2017

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publicado na web em 04/12/2017 This paper describes a route for recovering manganese and zinc from spent zinc-MnO 2 dry cells via acid leaching. Sulfuric, hydrofluoric and formic acids were used as leachants. Hydrogen peroxide was added as reductant, except for formic acid since it is itself a reductant. Experiments were run at 25-40 o C for 1-3 h. Under the best optimal conditions, over 95 wt.% of zinc and manganese were leached irrespective of the leachant. Leaching of contaminants was strongly dependent on the leachant due to the insolubility of salts or complexing reactions. Zn(II) was best extracted with D2EHPA diluted in n-heptane at pH > 1, particularly from the leachates of weak acids. Mn(II) was much more co-extracted from sulfuric leachates, but was easily scrubbed with dilute leachant (~2 mol L -1 ). Zn(II) striping was possible using 5 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 . Manganese was isolated as MnO 2 carrying the leached contaminants. High-purity sodium salts of the anions of the leachants were recovered after slow evaporation of the final solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,10 Hydrometallurgical routes tend to be less expensive and less energy consuming than pyrometallurgical methods. 14,16,19 Sulfuric acid is by far the most used leachant. 2,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] It provides high zinc recovery whereas most manganese remains in the insoluble residue (Mn(III) and Mn(IV) compounds).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

et al. 2017

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“…An electrochemical measurement utilizes a three-electrode system having working electrode, Ag/AgCl reference electrode and a platinum wire as counter electrode. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and EIS were performed in potential between +0 to −1 V using 0.5 M KCl, NaOH, Na 2 SO 4 and NaCl electrolytes at a constant scan rate [6,10]. To evaluate the electrochemical reversibility (E R ) of the sample, the potential window of CV was changed from +0 to −1 V and sweep rate 10 mV as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Cyclic Voltammetry Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro chemical and photo catalytic studies of MnO2 nanoparticle from waste dry cell batteries

Mylarappa¹,

Venkata²,

Vishnu³

et al. 2016

Nanosystems: Phys. Chem. Math.

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The objective of the existing research was essentially focused on recovery of MnO 2 nanoparticles from consumed dry cells by employing adapted hydrometallurgical process. Experimental tests for the recovery of MnO 2 present in the dry cell batteries have been carried out by an acidic reductive leachant, namely oxalic acid. The elemental compositions of the recovered metals from dry cells were confirmed by Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Surface morphology of the recovered metals was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Phase composition of the recovered metals from dry cell batteries were confirmed from X-ray Diffract meter (XRD). Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) studies were carried out to clarify the reversibility of the reactions. The obtained MnO 2 catalyst was applied for the degradation of different non-volatile dye compounds such as Indigo carmine (IC) and Rhodamine B (RB). The performance of MnO 2 shows fast degradation of dyes of high concentration.

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“…The development of processes to recover low-grade manganese ores and other secondary sources has taken emphasis in the last decades as the manganese demand has grown rapidly [12,13], and the depletion of high manganese ore sources. Several processes have been studied to recover low grade manganese ores (20-30% Mn) by using different methods: leaching of manganese carbonate in ammonium sulfate solution [14]; recovery of manganese from electric arc furnace dust of ferromanganese by using sulfuric acid as leaching agent, and oxalic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and glucose as reducing reagents [15]; reduction-roasting of low-grade manganese dioxide ores by using sulfuric acid as leaching solvent and cornstalk as reducing reagent [16]; sulfuric acid leaching of ocean manganese nodules using phenols as reducing agents [17]; sulfur-based reduction roasting-acid leaching of low-grade manganese oxide ores [18]; reductive leaching of low-grade manganese ores, using cane molasses as reducing reagent and sulfuric acid as solvent [19]; reduction-acid leaching of low grade manganese ores using CaS as reductant [20]; recovery of manganese from spent batteries [21]; reuse of anode slime from the zinc electrolysis [22]; and, recovering manganese from treated sludge of the exhaust gases of ferroalloy production furnaces [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodic Lodes and Scrapings as a Source of Electrolytic Manganese

González

Sancho-Gorostiaga

Piñuela-Noval

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:Manganese is an element of interest in metallurgy, especially in ironmaking and steel making, but also in copper and aluminum industries. The depletion of manganese high grade sources and the environmental awareness have led to search for new manganese sources, such as wastes/by-products of other metallurgies. In this way, we propose the recovery of manganese from anodic lodes and scrapings of the zinc electrolysis process because of their high Mn content (>30%). The proposed process is based on a mixed leaching: a lixiviation-neutralization at low temperature (50 • C, reached due to the exothermic reactions involved in the process) and a lixiviation with sulfuric acid at high temperature (150-200 • C, in heated reactor). The obtained solution after the combined process is mainly composed by manganese sulphate. This solution is then neutralized with CaO (or manganese carbonate) as a first purification stage, removing H 2 SO 4 and those impurities that are easily removable by controlling pH. Then, the purification of nobler elements than manganese is performed by their precipitation as sulphides. The purified solution is sent to electrolysis where electrolytic manganese is obtained (99.9% Mn). The versatility of the proposed process allows for obtaining electrolytic manganese, oxide of manganese (IV), oxide of manganese (II), or manganese sulphate.

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Recovery of zinc and manganese from spent batteries by reductive leaching in acidic media

Cited by 52 publications

References 17 publications

PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

Electro chemical and photo catalytic studies of MnO2 nanoparticle from waste dry cell batteries

Anodic Lodes and Scrapings as a Source of Electrolytic Manganese

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