Recovery of virus from feces and tissues of chickens infected with cell-culture-adapted infectious bursal disease virus.

Pathogenicity, tissue distribution, shedding and environmental detection of two strains of IBDV following infection of chickens at 0 and 14 days of age

“…With regard to IBDV vRNA load in lymphoid tissues, there was no strain difference observed between classical strain 06/95 and variant strain 02/95 in overall IBDV vRNA in lymphoid tissues but there was a significantly faster reduction of vRNA over time for variant strain 02/95 with significant interaction between the effects of strain and dpi (P = 0.03). The highest amount of IBDV vRNA was detected in bursa consistent with the earlier report of Takase et al (1982) that bursal tissue carried higher virus titre as detected by virus isolation and titration in cell culture following an experimental infection with IBDV strain FK-78 in 21-day-old SPF chickens. A more recent USA study using qRT-PCR detection revealed similar results with IBDV classical strain STC and variant strain IN having the highest IBDV vRNA in bursal tissues (Abdul et al, 2013).…”

“…There are no other reports comparing the faecal shedding profiles of classical and variant strains of IBDV but the results of the present study are consistent with the shedding profile of IBDV vaccine strain Gallivac IBD, L258577 which was detected in faeces by qRT-PCR between 2 and 5 dpi and with clearance from faeces between 8 and 12 dpi after the experimental infection of 20-day-old SPF broiler chickens orally (Zhao et al, 2013). They are also consistent with the shedding profile of the cell culture-adapted IBDV F-78 strain which was shed in faeces between 2 and 8 dpi after the oral infection of 2-day-old SPF chickens (Takase et al, 1982). Viral titre in faeces was determined by virus titration in cell culture in that particular study.…”

“…There was no difference in the IBDV vRNA in faeces between the two age groups, but vRNA was detected out to 28 dpi in 1/4 of the birds infected at 14 dpi but only to 21 dpi in those infected at day 0 (1/4 birds), broadly consistent with increased susceptibility in the older birds. The detection of virus in faeces out to 28 dpi, albeit at low levels in a single bird is somewhat longer than the 8-12 dpi reported by Zhao et al, (2013) or the 8 dpi reported by Takase et al, (1982). Takase et al (1982) reported an age-dependent onset of shedding of IBDV in faeces following infection of birds ranging from 2 to 105 days of age, with later shedding in older birds.…”

“…The detection of virus in faeces out to 28 dpi, albeit at low levels in a single bird is somewhat longer than the 8-12 dpi reported by Zhao et al, (2013) or the 8 dpi reported by Takase et al, (1982). Takase et al (1982) reported an age-dependent onset of shedding of IBDV in faeces following infection of birds ranging from 2 to 105 days of age, with later shedding in older birds. However no difference was observed between chicks infected at 2 and 21 days old in that report making it unlikely that such an effect would be observed in the present study.…”

Tissue distribution, shedding and environmental detection of infectious bursal disease virus genome following infection of meat chickens at two ages

“…With regard to the faecal shedding profile, early peak shedding of IBDV in faeces from 3 to 6 dpi was observed in the chickens inoculated at 0 and 16 d.o., broadly similar to the shedding profile reported in previous studies . The early faecal shedding observed in chickens infected at 0 d.o.…”