Recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge ash: Influence of incineration temperature on ash mineralogy and related phosphorus and heavy metal extraction

Luyckx, Lorien; Caneghem, Jo Van

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.106471

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The SMT protocol is a chemical fractionation method (introduced in section ) that divides the phosphorus into inorganic and organic phosphorus. A compilation of results ,− ,− based on chemical fractionation using the SMT protocol of thermally treated sewage sludge, is shown in Figure . The fraction of phosphorus present as inorganic phosphates (according to the SMT protocol) appear to increase (meaning that organic phosphorus is decreasing) when the biomass is exposed to rather low temperatures, which is qualitatively in line with the results based on 31 P NMR shown in Figure .…”

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fraction of phosphorus associated as inorganic phosphorus (left) and fraction of the inorganic phosphorus associated as NaOH-extractable phosphorus, often denoted nonapatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP), (right) obtained when using the SMT protocol to analyze thermally converted sewage sludge samples, obtained from the literature. ,− ,− The two fractions were calculated using IP/(IP + OP) and NAIP/(NAIP + AP), where IP, OP, NAIP, and AP represents inorganic phosphorus, organic phosphorus, nonapatite inorganic phosphorus, and apatite phosphorus (HCl-extractable phosphorus), respectively. For the work of Luyckx and Van Caneghem, the NAIP and AP were assumed to correspond to what was presented as “amorphous Al/Fe–P” and “Crystalline Ca–P” plus “Amorphous unknown P”, respectively. In the work of Meng et al, the maximum measured temperature was used.…”

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normally, XRD analysis is only performed on the final biomass residues, and does therefore not provide a lot of information on the transformation pathways, but it gives an indication of the fate of phosphorus in thermal conversion of biomass. In an attempt to investigate what crystalline phosphates are most commonly found in biomass residues, the reported phases detected in 384 samples, from 65 references (refs , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , – , , , – , , , , – ) were compiled in this work. The result of the compilation is shown in Figure .…”

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crystalline phosphorus phases reported to be present in residues from different types of biomass, including biomass blends (left) (refs , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , – , , , – , , , , – ) grain- and seed-based biomass (upper middle) (refs , , , , , , , , ) animal biomass (upper right) (refs , , , , , – ) sewage sludge (lower middle), (refs , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , …”

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phosphorus release from sewage sludge, either reported directly as release or retention in ash, ,,,,, or calculated using data on ash composition, ,,,, in different studies is shown in Figure . Generally, there appears to be no, or only minor, release of phosphorus up to 1100 °C.…”

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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Phosphorus is vital for all life, which means that phosphorus is present in all biomass to some extent. Some types of biomass, such as certain agricultural residues, animal biomass, and sewage sludge, contain high levels of phosphorus. In thermal conversion of biomass, high levels of phosphorus can cause various operational problems. Extensive work has been carried out to understand the phosphorus chemistry taking place at higher temperatures. However, until now, knowledge about transformation chemistry and fate of phosphorus during thermal conversion of biomass was not easily accessible in one place. In this work, the outcome of an extensive literature review has been summarized. First, an introduction to the role of phosphorus in biomass, and in what forms it may be present, is given. Different analytical techniques relevant for characterization of phosphorus in biomass, biomass char, and biomass ash are described. A classification of phosphorus-rich biomass is proposed, and the potential of different phosphorus-rich biomass types is presented. To provide a common basis for the field of high-temperature phosphorus chemistry, fundamental chemistry relevant for thermal conversion of biomass is first discussed. This includes the gas phase chemistry and reaction pathways of light phosphorus species, pyrolysis, and combustion of organophosphorus compounds, and solid, liquid, and gaseous interactions with other ash-forming elements. Thereafter, an in-depth review of phosphorus transformations in biomass, including decomposition of organic phosphorus, ash transformations in the condensed phase, release to the gas phase, and formation of particulate matter in the flue gas follows. Finally, the review covers research focusing on phosphorus in different application aspects, such as the use of phosphorus as an additive to mitigate operational problems related to slag and deposit formation, the behavior of phosphorus in fluidized bed technologies, corrosion, and the deactivation of SCR catalysts.

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Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transformation Of Phosphorus In Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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Enhancing Phosphorus Fertilizer Value of Sewage Sludge Ashes and Biochars Through Chemical Pre-treatments and Application Methods

Kopp,

Sica,

Eising

et al. 2023

Waste Biomass Valor

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Purpose This study aimed to improve the phosphorus (P) fertilizer value of sewage sludge ashes and biochars through different pre-treatments and application methods. Methods In experiment 1, two sewage sludges, their respective ash, and biochar underwent three chemical pre-treatments (H2SO4, NaOH, and Ca(OH)2. These materials were utilized as P fertilizers in a maize plant trial), using two application methods (mixed and placed). In experiment 2, biochars sourced from four sewage sludges were pre-treated with H2SO4 and NaOH and then employed as P fertilizers in a barley plant trial. Results Experiment 1 revealed a significant impact of application method on shoot dry matter, with mixing outperforming placement. Acidification pre-treatment of the ash led to significantly higher shoot dry matter (2.7 ± 0.3 g) and P uptake (7.9 ± 0.9 mg per plant) compared to untreated ash (0.7 ± 0.1 g; 1.9 ± 0.2 mg per plant). Similarly, NaOH-treated biochar caused elevated shoot dry matter (2.6 ± 0.4 g) and P uptake (6.9 ± 0.4 mg per plant) compared to untreated biochar (0.7 ± 0.2 g; 1.9 ± 0.1 mg per plant). These outcomes highlight the dependence of pre-treatment efficacy on biomaterial composition. Experiment 2 demonstrated that despite differing elemental compositions of the biochars, NaOH treatment led to significantly greater shoot dry matter and P uptake compared to untreated and acidified treatments. Conclusions Chemical pre-treatments have the potential to enhance the short-term P fertilizer value of ashes and biochar. However, further studies are essential to assess the economic feasibility and potential environmental risks, including increased heavy metal solubility. Graphical Abstract

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Alternative valuation pathways for primary, secondary, and tertiary sewage sludge: biochar and bio-oil production for sustainable energy

Menezes

Silveira

Mazzoni

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge ash: Influence of incineration temperature on ash mineralogy and related phosphorus and heavy metal extraction

Cited by 24 publications

References 69 publications

Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

Review of Phosphorus Chemistry in the Thermal Conversion of Biomass: Progress and Perspectives

Enhancing Phosphorus Fertilizer Value of Sewage Sludge Ashes and Biochars Through Chemical Pre-treatments and Application Methods

Alternative valuation pathways for primary, secondary, and tertiary sewage sludge: biochar and bio-oil production for sustainable energy

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