Recovery of Olive Trees with Verticillium Wilt After Individual Application of Soil Solarization in Established Olive Orchards

Tjamos, E. C.; Biris, D. A.; Paplomatas, E. J.

doi:10.1094/pd-75-0557

Cited by 71 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…Such trees are able to produce new vascular tissue that can completely enclose old necrotic xylem vessels, enabling new vegetative growth in affected stems and branches (Tjamos et al 1991;López-Escudero and Blanco-López 2001). Similarly, diseased but recovered plants usually produce suckers at the basis of the trunk.…”

Section: Symptomatology and Aetiology Of Verticillium Wilt Of Olivementioning

confidence: 99%

Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

2010

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Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the first domesticated and cultivated tree species and has historical, social and economical relevance. However, its future as a strategic commodity in Mediterranean agriculture is threatened by diverse biotic (traditional and new/emerging pests and diseases) and abiotic (erosion, climate change) menaces. These problems could also be of relevance for new geographical areas where olive cultivation is not traditional but is increasingly spreading (i.e., South America, Australia, etc). One of the major constraints for olive cultivation is Verticillium wilt, a vascular disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb. In this review we describe how Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) has become a major problem for olive cultivation during the last two decades. Similar to other vascular diseases, VWO is difficult to manage and single control measure are mostly ineffective. Therefore, an integrated disease management strategy that fits modern sustainable agriculture criteria must be implemented. Multidisciplinary research efforts and advances to understand this pathosystem and to develop appropriate control measures are summarized. The main conclusion is that a holistic approach is the best strategy to effectively control VWO, integrating biological, chemical, physical, and cultural approaches.

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Section: Symptomatology and Aetiology Of Verticillium Wilt Of Olivementioning

confidence: 99%

Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

2010

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“…A scale of visual estimation of disease severity (Tjamos et al 1991), depending on foliar symptoms such as leaf yellowing, wilting, rolling, and defoliation of infected branches, was monthly monitored to assess disease severity % of Verticillium wilt. The following score was used to evaluate the resistance of the different cultivars: 0 = seedling free of infection (immune), 1 = 1-20%: very slight infection (highly resistant), 2 = 21-40%: slight infection (slightly resistant), 3 = 41-60%: intermediate infection (susceptible), 4 = 61-80%: severe infection (susceptible), 5 = 81-100%: nearly dead to dead seedling (susceptible).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several approaches were used to control Verticillium wilt in olive groves including chemical control (Tawil et al 1992;Tawil & Abdin 1994;Karajeh 1997), post-planting soil solarisation (Tjamos et al 1991;Abu-Gharbieh et al 1998;Karajeh & Al-Momany 2008), solar chamber (Al-Ahmad & Duksi 1994;Karajeh & Al-Momany 2008), cultural practices (Al-Ahmad 1993; Karajeh & Al-Momany 2008), integrated control (Abu-Qamar & Al-Momany 2001, 2002 and biological control (Tjamos 1993;Karajeh & Al-Raddad 1999). Recently, disease control has essentially relied on preventive measures such as using disease-free plant materials and soils that are free from pathogens especially when establishing new olive groves (Karajeh 2006;Karajeh & Masoud 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Chemical fungicides such as benzimidazoles did not provide sufficient control (Biris & Thanaassoulopulos 1980;Karajeh 1997). Post-planting soil solarization was fairly effective in controlling the disease but limited to regions that receive high solar radiation (Tjamos et al 1991;Tjamos 1993;Lopez-Escudero & Blanco-Lopez 1997;Karajeh & Al-Momany 2008). The management of Verticillium wilt is difficult and requires an integrated approach (JimenezDiaz et al 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reaction of selected apple cultivars to wilt pathogen Verticillium dahlia

Karajeh¹,

Owais²

2012

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Karajeh M.R., Owais S.J. (2012): Reaction of selected apple cultivars to wilt pathogen Verticillium dahlia. Plant Protect Sci., 48: 99-104.The reaction of five apple cultivars to olive wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb was evaluated. Five apple cultivars (Royal Gala, Delicious Anabri, Double Red, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith) and one olive cultivar (Nabali Mohassan) were inoculated with V. dahliae and grown under partially controlled greenhouse conditions. Typical symptoms of the disease were developed on the inoculated olive seedlings. However, all tested apple cultivars did not show the typical symptoms of Verticillium wilt except cv. Delicious Anbari, which showed 8.31% disease severity. The average percentage of disease severity was 61.2% in Nabali Mohassan. The pathogen was positively re-isolated from the inoculated seedlings of cvs Nabali Mohassan and Delicious Anbari after 12 months from the inoculation date. Results indicate that an apple plantation to replace dead or severely diseased olive trees infested with Verticillium wilt is an appropriate low-cost and environmentally sound IPM alternative approach to control Verticillium wilt.

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“…Solarisation has also been used successfully to control wilt in perennial crops by the application of polyethylene sheets at the time of planting or even to established fruit or nut trees (e.g. apricot, pistachio, olive) (Ashworth and Gaona, 1982;Tjamos et al, 1991;Stapleton et al, 1993;Bourbos and Skoudridakis, 1996;Ioannou, 1999;López-Escudero and Blanco-Lopez, 2001;Minuto et al, 2006).…”

Section: Cultural Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific opinion on the pest categorisation of Verticillium dahliae Kleb

Rossi¹

2014

EFS2

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The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to perform a pest categorisation of Verticillium dahliae Kleb., the fungal pathogen responsible for many Verticillium wilt diseases. V. dahliae is a single taxonomic entity, and sensitive and reliable methods exist for its detection and identification. V. dahliae is a highly polyphagous pathogen, affecting, overall, 400 cultivated and non-cultivated plant species. It is a hostadapted rather than a host-specific pathogen and has the ability to continuously widen its host range and develop races/pathotypes that can overcome host resistance or be more virulent on known hosts and host cultivars. V. dahliae is a vascular pathogen that causes wilt and plant death, thus impairing the growth and shortening the lifespan of its hosts. The pathogen is currently present in most parts of the risk assessment area, where yield reductions up to 50 % or more have been reported on some high value crops, including cotton, olive, potato, strawberry and ornamentals. There are no obvious eco-climatic factors limiting its potential establishment and spread in the non-infested part of the risk assessment area, where hosts are present. Once established, the pathogen can spread by both natural and human-assisted means. Movement of infected host plants for planting, especially asymptomatic plants, and seeds can introduce the pathogen (and its highly virulent races/pathotypes) into new areas. Application of integrated management strategies combined with disease risk assessment (assessment of the available soil-borne inoculum, determination of races/pathotypes present in the site, field cropping history) may reduce the impacts of Verticillium wilt in the risk assessment area, but it cannot eliminate the pathogen. V. dahliae is listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC and, despite its wide host range, it is regulated only on Humulus lupulus (hop), for which the pathogen is considered of minor importance compared to V. nonalfalfae.

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Recovery of Olive Trees with Verticillium Wilt After Individual Application of Soil Solarization in Established Olive Orchards

Cited by 71 publications

References 0 publications

Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

Verticillium wilt of olive: a case study to implement an integrated strategy to control a soil-borne pathogen

Reaction of selected apple cultivars to wilt pathogen Verticillium dahlia

Scientific opinion on the pest categorisation of Verticillium dahliae Kleb

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