Recovery of Gaze Disturbance in Bilateral Labyrinthine Loss

Takahashi, Masahiro; Saito, Akira; Okada, Yukihiro; Yoshïda, Akio

doi:10.1159/000276079

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Bilateral labyrinthine loss resulted in re markable gaze disturbances, whether the le sion was acquired or congenital [6], How- ever, gaze disturbance in acquired lesions showed recovery within a year after onset, the degree of which was more prominent under active rotation than under passive ro tation [7], The ratio of the gain under the spatially fixed target condition to the gain in the dark amounted to large values at 0.2 Hz (4.3 on average), however, it markedly de creased at 0.85 Hz (1.8). The relationship between visual and vestibular input changed linearly with an increase in the rotation fre quency, and the frequency range at which head movements were compensated for de clined as vestibular input decreased.…”

Section: Deficient Compensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Gaze during Head Rotation

Takahashi

Saito²,

Okada³

et al. 1990

ORL

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We investigated gaze functions during sinusoidal head rotation in patients with peripheral and central vestibular lesions. Various kinds of gaze disturbance appeared in relation to deficient compensation (labyrinthine lesions), inaccurate gain regulation (cerebellar lesions), impaired gaze-induced suppression (cerebellar lesions), and inadequate visual correction (brain stem lesions). Analysis of gaze during head rotation may help to understand the regulation system of the vestibulo-ocular reflex as well as to detect gaze disturbances in patients with vestibular disorders, which cannot be attained by conventional vestibular examinations.

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Section: Deficient Compensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Gaze during Head Rotation

Takahashi

Saito²,

Okada³

et al. 1990

ORL

Self Cite

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Optically induced plasticity of the cervico-ocular reflex in patients with bilateral absence of vestibular function

et al. 1996

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Eye movements evoked by proprioceptive stimulation along the body axis in humans

Mergner

Schweigart

Botti

et al. 1998

Experimental Brain Research

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Proprioceptive input arising from torsional body movements elicits small reflexive eye movements. The functional relevance of these eye movements is still unknown so far. We evaluated their slow components as a function of stimulus frequency and velocity. The horizontal eye movements of seven adult subjects were recorded using an infrared device, while horizontal rotations were applied at three segmental levels of the body [i.e., between head and shoulders (neck stimulus), shoulders and pelvis (trunk stimulus), and pelvis and feet (leg stimulus)]. The following results were obtained: (1) Sinusoidal leg stimulation evoked an eye response with the slow component in the direction of the movement of the feet, while the response to trunk and neck stimulation was oriented in the opposite direction (i.e., in that of the head). (2) In contrast, the gain behavior of all three responses was similar, with very low gain at mid- to high frequencies (tested up to 0.4 Hz) but increasing gain at low frequencies (down to 0.0125 Hz). We show that this gain behavior is mainly due to a gain nonlinearity for low angular velocities. (3) The responses were compatible with linear summation when an interaction series was tested in which the leg stimulus was combined with a vestibular stimulus. (4) There was good correspondence of the median gain curves when eye responses were compared with psychophysical responses (perceived body rotation in space; additionally recorded in the interaction series). However, correlation of gain values on a single-trial basis was poor. (5) During transient neck stimulation (smoothed position ramp), the neck response noticeably consisted of two components -- an initial head-directed eye shift (phasic component) followed by a shift in the opposite direction (compensatory tonic component). Both leg and neck responses can be described by one simple, dynamic model. In the model the proprioceptive input is fed into the gaze network via two pathways which differ in their dynamics and directional sign. The model simulates either leg or neck responses by selecting an appropriate weight for the gain of one of the pathways (phasic component). The interaction results can also be simulated when a vestibular path is added. This model has similarities to one we recently proposed for human self-motion perception and postural control. A major difference, though, is that the proprioceptive input to the gaze-stabilizing network is weak (restricted to low velocities), unlike that used for perception and postural control. We hold that the former undergoes involution during ontogenesis, as subjects depend on the functionally more appropriate vestibulo-ocular reflex. Yet, the weak proprioceptive eye responses that remain may have some functional relevance. Their tonic component tends to stabilize the eyes by slowly shifting them toward the primary head position relative to the body support. This applies solely to the earth-horizontal plane in which the vestibular signal has no static sensitivity.

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Recovery of Gaze Disturbance in Bilateral Labyrinthine Loss

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Disorders of Gaze during Head Rotation

Disorders of Gaze during Head Rotation

Optically induced plasticity of the cervico-ocular reflex in patients with bilateral absence of vestibular function

Eye movements evoked by proprioceptive stimulation along the body axis in humans

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