Recovery of fungicide-resistant Botrytis isolates from strawberry nursery plants

Weber, Roland W.S.; Entrop, Alfred-Peter

doi:10.1007/s10658-017-1206-9

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The separation of B. pseudocinerea from B. cinerea was established by Fournier et al (2005), who suggested that group I and group II of B. cinerea were true phylogenetic species, and confirmed by Walker et al (2011), who separated B. pseudocinerea as the new species from group I. Both B. cinerea and B. pseudocinerea have wide host ranges including orchard fruits along with faba bean and oilseed rape, and the ratio between them may be influenced by the usage of fungicides on the crops (Plesken et al, 2015;Weber, Entrop, 2017). However, the relative importance of the two species differs: B. pseudocinerea dominating on several crop species in Germany (Plesken et al, 2015) but rare on grapevine in Spain (Acosta Morel et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Articles on the same species describe quite different morphologies, and there is considerable overlap between species (Zhang et al, 2010;Acosta Morel et al, 2019). In addition, there is a wide variation within individual Botrytis species in virulence against one given host plant, optimum growing conditions and resistance to fungicides (Weber, Entrop, 2017). Therefore, identification and characterization of the causal agents of chocolate spot disease are important, because species have different optimal conditions of development and sensitivities to fungicide, so the spectrum of pathogens is likely to affect the efficacy of disease control (Fan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Botrytis four species are associated with chocolate spot disease of faba bean in Latvia

Bankina

Stoddard

Kaņeps

et al. 2021

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is gaining importance as a crop in northern Europe. In this region, the most important disease of faba bean is chocolate spot disease, attributed to the pathogen Botrytis fabae. However, other Botrytis species have been found to contribute to the disease. Hence, it was decided to isolate fungi from faba bean plants showing symptoms of chocolate spot disease in Latvia, identify the Botrytis species using the DNA sequences of three definitive genes, evaluate the morphological diversity of the isolates in vitro and, finally, to determine the pathogenicity of the isolates in a detached-leaf test. In addition to B. fabae, B. cinerea, B. pseudocinerea and B. fabiopsis were all identified. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA sequences put all the obtained 44 isolates unequivocally into clusters with known examples of each species. Every species showed wide diversity in its in vitro colour, texture and growing pattern of mycelium, production of sclerotia and pigmentation of the growing medium with much overlap between species showing that this method is not adequate for species discrimination. B. fabae produced the largest lesions on infected leaves, followed closely by B. pseudocinerea and B. cinerea, while B. fabiopsis produced much smaller lesions. The results show that chocolate spot disease of faba bean is attributable to Botrytis four species in northern Europe. This knowledge needs to be considered when controlling the disease by genetic or agronomic means.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botrytis four species are associated with chocolate spot disease of faba bean in Latvia

Bankina

Stoddard

Kaņeps

et al. 2021

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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“…Planting material is known to harbour latent Botrytis infections, and the results from this study provide yet another example of how fungicide-resistant Botrytis is distributed and enters production systems in this manner (Nielsen et al, 2022;Oliveira et al, 2017;Weber & Entrop, 2017). Nurseries are known to use multiple sprays of products containing pyraclostrobin with boscalid and cyprodinil with fludioxonil in strawberry transplant production (Weber & Entrop, 2017), and the high frequency of fungicide resistance favours selection of resistant strains of Botrytis spp. (Fernández-Ortuño et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2016;Weber & Entrop, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that strawberry transplants are a source of fungicideresistant Botrytis spp. inoculum (Nielsen et al, 2022;Oliveira et al, 2017;Weber & Entrop, 2017). The introduction of resistant strains with planting material increases the risk of grey mould disease control failure in strawberry fruit production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam thermotherapy strongly reduces Botrytis in strawberry transplants with no or minor negative effects on plant growth and yield

Gahatraj

Nielsen

et al. 2023

Eur J Plant Pathol

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The effect of steam thermotherapy on Botrytis spp. populations in strawberry transplants was evaluated. Tray plants rooted in 0.2 L peat plugs of seasonal flowering cvs. Falco, Sonsation, and Soprano, and everbearing cvs. Favori and Murano were pre-treated with steam at 37 °C for 1 h, followed by 1 h at ambient temperature and air humidity, and then 2 or 4 h steam treatment at 44 °C. Except for one cultivar with a slight reduction in yield, there were no negative effects on plant performance. Compared to untreated transplants, mean incidence of Botrytis on the five cultivars was reduced by 43 and 86% with the 2 and 4 h treatments, respectively. Within cultivars the reduction was significant in 2 and 3 experiments following the 2 and 4 h treatments, respectively. Sclerotia from four different isolates of Botrytis were subjected to treatment including 4 h of steam thermotherapy and subsequently tested for viability. Following 14 days of incubation, 90 to 100% (mean 97%) of treated sclerotia failed to produce mycelial growth compared with untreated sclerotia, which all germinated and produced mycelia. Botrytis isolates recovered from both treated and untreated strawberry transplants were tested for resistance to seven fungicides, including boscalid, fenhexamid, fludioxonil, fluopyram, pyraclostrobin, pyrimethanil and thiophanate-methyl. Multiple fungicide resistance was common; 35.5% of isolates were resistant to fungicides from at least three FRAC groups. Results indicate that steam thermotherapy treatment strongly reduces populations of Botrytis spp., including fungicide-resistant strains, in strawberry transplants with negligible negative impacts on the transplants.

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“…A further potential challenge in grey mould control and fungicide resistance management in strawberry production comes from planting material. Fungicide‐resistant Botrytis has been demonstrated to enter strawberry production systems as latent infections in planting material (Oliveira et al, 2017; Weber & Entrop, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pervasive fungicide resistance in Botrytis from strawberry in Norway: Identification of the grey mould pathogen and mutations

et al. 2022

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Control of grey mould, caused by Botrytis spp., is a major challenge in open field strawberry production. Botrytis was isolated from plant parts collected from 19 perennial strawberry fields with suspected fungicide resistance in the Agder region of Norway in 2016. Resistance to boscalid, pyraclostrobin and fenhexamid was high and found in 89.1%, 86.0% and 65.4% of conidia samples, respectively. Multiple fungicide resistance was common; 69.6% of conidia samples exhibited resistance to three or more fungicides. Botrytis group S and B. cinerea sensu stricto isolates were obtained from 19 and 16 fields, respectively. The sdhB, cytb, erg27 and mrr1 genes of a selection of isolates were examined for the presence of mutations known to confer fungicide resistance to boscalid, pyraclostrobin, fenhexamid and pyrimethanil plus fludioxonil, respectively. Allele-specific PCR assays were developed for efficient detection of resistance-conferring mutations in cytb. Among B. cinerea isolates, 84.7%, 86.3% and 61.3% had resistance-conferring mutations in sdhB, cytb and erg27, respectively. A triplet deletion in mrr1, resulting in ΔL497, commonly associated with the multidrug resistance phenotype MDR1h, was detected in 29.2% of Botrytis group S isolates.High frequencies of resistance to several fungicides were also detected in Botrytis from both imported and domestically produced strawberry transplants. Fungicide resistance frequencies were not different among fields grouped by level of grey mould problem assessed by growers, indicating factors other than fungicide resistance contributed to control failure, a fact that has important implications for future management of grey mould.

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Recovery of fungicide-resistant Botrytis isolates from strawberry nursery plants

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Botrytis four species are associated with chocolate spot disease of faba bean in Latvia

Botrytis four species are associated with chocolate spot disease of faba bean in Latvia

Steam thermotherapy strongly reduces Botrytis in strawberry transplants with no or minor negative effects on plant growth and yield

Pervasive fungicide resistance in Botrytis from strawberry in Norway: Identification of the grey mould pathogen and mutations

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