Recovery of cobalt sulfate from spent lithium ion batteries by reductive leaching and solvent extraction with Cyanex 272

Kang, Jingu; Senanayake, Gamini; Sohn, Jeong-Soo; Shin, Shun Myung

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.10.010

Cited by 369 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The subcritical co-treatment process has essentially the same lithium battery dismantling process and metal recovery efficiency as the hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy processes. In comparison, hydrometallurgy requires the use of an acid source, such as strong acids (HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 and HCl) or inorganic acids [9,10,31]. In addition, in order to accelerate the leaching of Co 3+ from LiCoO 2 , hydrometallurgy requires the addition of a reductant (e.g.…”

Section: Gc-ms Analysis Of Oil Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative leaching of cobalt and lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries and simultaneous dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride in subcritical water

Liu

Zhang

2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

108

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h i g h l i g h t s• A co-treatment process for recovery of Co and Li and simultaneous detoxification of PVC in subcritical water was proposed.• PVC was used as a hydrochloric acid source.• More than 95% Co and nearly 98% Li were leached under the optimum conditions.• Neither corrosive acid nor reducing agent was used.• The co-treatment process has technical, economic and environmental benefits over the traditional recovery processes. a r t i c l e i n f o In this work, an effective and environmentally friendly process for the recovery of cobalt (Co) and lithium (Li) from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and simultaneously detoxification of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in subcritical water was developed. Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) power from spent LIBs and PVC were co-treated by subcritical water oxidation, in which PVC served as a hydrochloric acid source to promote metal leaching. The dechlorination of PVC and metal leaching was achieved simultaneously under subcritical water oxidation. More than 95% Co and nearly 98% Li were recovered under the optimum conditions: temperature 350• C, PVC/LiCoO 2 ratio 3:1, time 30 min, and a solid/liquid ratio 16:1 (g/L), respectively. Moreover, PVC was completely dechlorinated at temperatures above 350• C without any release of toxic chlorinated organic compounds. Assessment on economical and environmental impacts revealed that the PVC and LiCoO 2 subcritical co-treatment process had significant technical, economic and environmental benefits over the traditional hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy processes. This innovative co-treatment process is efficient, environmentally friendly and adequate for Co and Li recovery from spent LIBs and simultaneous dechlorination of PVC in subcritical water.

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Section: Gc-ms Analysis Of Oil Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative leaching of cobalt and lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries and simultaneous dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride in subcritical water

Liu

Zhang

2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

108

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“…With the addition of oxalic acid into a solution with malic acid, cobalt ions are expected to simultaneously undergo a leaching and precipitation process, resulting in cobalt oxalate. Oxalic acid is a common weak acid, and it is well-known that its anion acts as an excellent ligand to easily form coordination compounds with metal ions thanks to its dibasic characteristics [10,26]. Figure 3 shows the optical image, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image, and XRD pattern of the precipitated powder from the one-pot process.…”

Section: Screening Test Of Organic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Yield One-Pot Recovery and Characterization of Nanostructured Cobalt Oxalate from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries and Successive Re-Synthesis of LiCoO2

Park

Lim

Moon

et al. 2017

Metals

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A complete recycling process for the cathode material of spent lithium-ion batteries is demonstrated with a simple two-step process comprised of one-pot cobalt recovery to nanostructured materials and single step synthesis of LiCoO 2 . For the facile and efficient recovery of cobalt, we employ malic acid as a leaching agent and oxalic acid as a precipitating agent, resulting in nanostructured cobalt oxalate. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis clearly show that cobalt species are simultaneously leached and precipitated as cobalt oxalate with a high yield of 99.28%, and this material can then be used as a reactant for the synthesis of LiCoO 2 for use as a cathode material. In addition to its advantages in simplifying the process, the proposed method allows for not only enhancing the efficiency of cobalt recovery, but also enabling reaction without a reducing agent, H 2 O 2 . Through successive single-step reaction of the obtained cobalt oxalate without any purification process, LiCoO 2 is also successfully synthesized. The effect of the annealing temperature during synthesis on the nanostructure and charge-discharge properties is also investigated. Half-cell tests with recycled LiCoO 2 exhibit a high discharge capacity (131 mA·h·g −1 ) and 93% charge-discharge efficiency.

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“…Instead of DL-malic acid with H 2 O 2 , both Co and Li were effectively recovered using citric acid and H 2 O 2 (Li et al, 2010b). Kang et al (2010a) leached cobalt-containing powder from LiBs with H 2 SO 4 and H 2 O 2 to recover cobalt sulfate, while addition of oxalic acid to the filtrate from another powder produced crystalline cobalt oxalate, which was then heated to produce Co 3 O 4 ( Kang et al, 2010b). Zhang et al (1998) recovered Co and Li using HCl solution.…”

Section: Hydrometallurgical Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Recycling Technologies: Recycling Waste Lithium Ion Batteries with the Impact on the Environment In-View

Bankole¹,

Cheng²,

Lei³

2013

JEE

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This survey is to review the advancement recorded so far in the lithium-ion battery recycling technologies in compliance with environmental laws. Amongst many of the technologies used to date, the best is the use of simple but scale-up dissolution technology involving non-toxic suitable organic solvents that can effectively dissolve toxic binder, PVdF in battery to avoid much pollution. Pollution through the hydrolysis of LiPF 6 from the lithium-ion battery can also be minimized through conversion to useful compounds instead of using Journal of Environment and Ecology

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Recovery of cobalt sulfate from spent lithium ion batteries by reductive leaching and solvent extraction with Cyanex 272

Cited by 369 publications

References 10 publications

Innovative leaching of cobalt and lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries and simultaneous dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride in subcritical water

Innovative leaching of cobalt and lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries and simultaneous dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride in subcritical water

High-Yield One-Pot Recovery and Characterization of Nanostructured Cobalt Oxalate from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries and Successive Re-Synthesis of LiCoO2

Battery Recycling Technologies: Recycling Waste Lithium Ion Batteries with the Impact on the Environment In-View

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