Recovery of cobalt from spent lithium ion batteries by using acidic and basic extractants in solvent extraction process

New cationic exchangers for the recovery of cobalt(II), nickel(II) and manganese(II) from acidic chloride solutions: Modelling of extraction curves

“…Liquid-liquid extraction of Co(II), Ni(II) and Mn(II) from acidic aqueous media by organophosphorus cationic exchangers involves the following general equilibrium (Komasawa et al, 1983;Danesi et al, 1985;Torkaman et al, 2017):…”

Separation of lithium, cobalt and nickel from spent lithium-ion batteries using TBP and imidazolium-based ionic liquids

“…The recovery of lithium from the cathodes of spent lithiumion batteries using solvent extraction has been the object of a few studies [15][16]. Most of the investigations have focused on the extraction of cobalt, the most critical element in lithium-ion batteries [17][18]. The extraction of lithium remains challenging, and the common option used is to leave lithium in solution while extracting the other metals [19].…”

Extraction of cobalt(ii) by methyltrioctylammonium chloride in nickel(ii)-containing chloride solution from spent lithium ion batteries

“…It has been reported that organophosphorus extractants (e.g., Cyanex272, D2EHPA or P204, and P507) were employed in the extractive separation of cobalt and nickel from aqueous sulphate media. 16,[21][22][23][24] Cyanex272 has highly selective capacity on cobalt, but it is expensive in China compared to that of MTOAC. 25 Moreover, Cyanex272 and P507 all requires saponication the solution prior to extraction for preventing mass production of H + ions which could inhibit extraction efficiency.…”

“…Therefore, there is a need to look for a cost-efficient reagent that can combine with other compounds for solvent extraction of cobalt from the solution containing nickel Amine extractants (e.g., Aliquat 33, Alamine 336, and Alamine 304) have been examined for solvent extraction of Co metal ions. 24,[30][31][32] Quaternary ammonium salt (methyltrioctylammonium chloride, MTOAC) is an excellent and inexpensive amine extractant, which is suitable for the recovery of rare metals. 33 The MTOAC is strong-base anion exchangers, which require lower concentrations of salting out reagents than other amine extractants.…”

“…28,30,35 In this study, extracting cobalt from the mixed electrode materials is the focus of this research paper, instead of pure cathodes from spent LIBs in previous studies. 3,6,13,15,[22][23][24][25] The spent lithium batteries were dismantled, with mixed electrodes crushed to remove impurities through acid leaching. Iron and manganese were also removed via pretreatment with copper recovery via extraction.…”