Recovery of boreal forest structures near abandoned villages in Western White Sea Karelia, Russia

Tikkanen, Olli‐Pekka; Руоколайнен, Анна Владимировна; Heikkilä, Risto

doi:10.1080/02827581.2014.881543

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A similar strong effect of villages on forest age up to 1-2 km from the village edges was also found in recent field inventories made in western White Sea Karelia (Tikkanen et al 2014). Together these findings suggest that forest clearances around the villages were typical in early 20th century Karelia.…”

Section: Forest Landscape Around the Villagessupporting

confidence: 62%

“…These changes in the forest landscapes surrounding the villages resulted from the intensive use of wood for different commodities needed for households and farming, in addition to short rotation slash and burn agriculture. These "short range" effects are well known and were easy to predict in advance (Chernyakova 2014;Tikkanen et al 2014). We will discuss the details later in this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Past human population history affects current forest landscape structure of Vodlozero National Park, Northwest Russia

Tikkanen¹,

Chernyakova²

2014

Silva Fenn.

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Tikkanen O.-P., Chernyakova I. A. (2014). Past human population history affects current forest landscape structure of Vodlozero National Park, Northwest Russia. SilvaFennica vol. 48 no. 4 article id 1207. 17 p. Highlights• In large scale (0-20 km), the proportion of spruce in forest stands was positively affected by distance from old villages. This relationship was non-linear with a threshold distance of 15 km.• In small scale (0-5 km), old villages affected tree species composition and age structure of forests. Effect on age structure was the strongest on stands growing on mineral soils. AbstractThe information about location and size of past human settlements can give new insights into the analysis of landscape structures. Vodlozero National Park (NP) is one the largest strictly protected areas in Northwestern Europe. We mapped the location of historic villages, which were abandoned in 1958, and studied the effect of past human activity in the forest landscape in two different scales using forest survey data. We assessed the possible change in age, volume and tree species composition from the edge of open fields up to the distance of 5 km from villages. We made a larger landscape analysis using a grid of forest stands covering the whole northern part of the NP. The past human activity was clearly visible in the present forest landscape. Distance from villages affected age, volume and tree species composition of the forest stands. This effect was the strongest within the first two kilometers from the villages. At the level of whole northern NP, the proportion of spruce markedly increased after approximately 15 km from the nearest old village. The changes in the forests surrounding the villages were most likely the result of the intensive use of wood for different commodities needed in households and farming, in addition to short rotation slash and burn agriculture. If the occurrence of forest fires was more frequent closer to villages than in more remote areas, it can well explain the observed pattern in the abundance of spruce in the larger landscape that is less tolerant to fire than pine.

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Section: Forest Landscape Around the Villagessupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past human population history affects current forest landscape structure of Vodlozero National Park, Northwest Russia

Tikkanen¹,

Chernyakova²

2014

Silva Fenn.

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“…Small‐scale agricultural production occurs mainly close to the capital, Petrozavodsk, but timber harvesting and processing for building materials and for use as a heat source for local residents during the winter is the primary industry. Karelia is responsible for 20 percent of the nation's paper production and 12 percent of its wood pulp and cellulose production (Burnett et al ; Republic of Karelia ; Tikkanen, Ruokolainen, and Heikkilä ). Petrozavodsk, with a population of 260,000, accounts for more than one‐third of the republic's population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Household Social Organization in the Structure of Rural Economies: Comparing Forest Resource Dependent and Agriculturally Dependent Regions in Russia

Glass

O’Brien

2016

Rural Sociology

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Sociologists have examined how structural economic change affects household social organization and generation of household income from different sources. The introduction of elements of a market economy into rural Russia in the early 1990s provides a unique opportunity to examine these relationships. Much of the work on this topic, however, has been conducted in black earth zone, agriculturally dependent regions. Less attention has been given to non-black-earth zone, forest resource dependent regions. This article addresses this limitation by comparing the relationships between household income generation strategies and household social organization in a 2009 survey of villages in three forest resource dependent regions in northwest Russia with findings from a 2006 survey of households in nine agricultural regions of Russia. Income generated from enterprises based on household social organization-household labor and social helping networks-is substantially greater in agriculturally dependent than in forest resource dependent regions. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding intranational regional differences in the relationship between economic systems, household social organization, and rural household economies as well as the obstacles facing policymakers and environmentalists who attempt to shift household income generation strategies away from an environmentally harmful lumber industry to income generation activities that are less harmful to the environment.

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“…№ 3. Статья (Морозов, 1962;Сукачев, 1964;Исаев и др., 2008;Tikkanen at al., 2014;Стороженко, 2007. дарцева, 1998;Ryvarden, Gilbertson, 1993Niemelä, 2001Niemelä, , 2005…”

Section: оригинальные исследованияunclassified

Comparative Assessment of the Succession Dynamics of Wood Fractions of Spruce Forests of the Southern Taiga

Storozhenko¹

2022

FSI

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Relevance. The native forests can be recognized as endangered formations of the European North of Russia. They are benchmarks of forest sustainability for comparative assessment with forests of other origin and use, what determines the relevance of research on their structural features. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comparative assessment of dynamic processes in the native forests of spruce formations of the southern taiga subzone of various successional positions (phases of dynamics) in the time trend of their development. Material and methods. Native spruce forests of different ages of the southern taiga subzone of the Central Forest Biosphere Reserve (Tver region) and the Kologrivsky Forest Reserve (Kostroma region) were researched various dynamic characteristics and successional position — climax, demutation, digressive. In the biogeocenoses of the sample areas, the age of trees and the presence of rot were determined, age series were built, the volumes of trees in age generations were calculated. All the tree fractions of the analyzed spruce forests were arranged in one time series: stands, current tree fall and deadfall — from retrospective values (– 60 years) to prospective values of the age limit of trees of the first generations of stands (+ ~ 300 years). The processes of dynamics of volumes of the wood fraction of native spruce forests of various successional positions in a long time space with different rates of accumulation and decomposition of wood biomass are described. Results and discussion. The processes of accumulation of biomass and the formation of age structures of biogeocenosis are 4 to 7 times slower than the processes of decomposition of the dying biomass of woody decay. Wood-destroying fungi of the saprotrophic complex “adjust” the activity of the decomposition process of wood decay to the dynamics of wood accumulation by the stand, maintaining the balance of accumulation and decomposition of woody biomass in the forest community. The correlation dependence of the increase in the values of tree infestation with wood-destroying fungi in age generations with an increase in their age is expressed in correlation coefficients from r — 0.89 at mr — 0.07 and t — 11.8 (spruce grove 1) to 0.99 at mr — 0.004 and t — 245 (spruce grove 4). The connection in both cases is very high, almost functional, which can be interpreted as a pattern. Conclusion. In native virgin forests, the balance of reproducible and decomposable wood is preserved as one of the most important criteria for the sustainable functioning of forest communities. This position can be regarded as an important fact of the evolutionary functional structure of forests.

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Recovery of boreal forest structures near abandoned villages in Western White Sea Karelia, Russia

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Past human population history affects current forest landscape structure of Vodlozero National Park, Northwest Russia

Past human population history affects current forest landscape structure of Vodlozero National Park, Northwest Russia

The Role of Household Social Organization in the Structure of Rural Economies: Comparing Forest Resource Dependent and Agriculturally Dependent Regions in Russia

Comparative Assessment of the Succession Dynamics of Wood Fractions of Spruce Forests of the Southern Taiga

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