Recovery of Bioactive Ellagitannins by Ultrasound/Microwave-Assisted Extraction from Mexican Rambutan Peel (Nephelium lappaceum L.)

Abstract

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a tropical fruit from Asia which has become the main target of many studies involving polyphenolic analysis. Mexico produces over 8 million tons per year of rambutan, generating a huge amount of agro-industrial waste since only the pulp is used and the peel, which comprises around 45% of the fruit’s weight, is left behind. This waste can later be used in the recovery of polyphenolic fractions. In this work, emerging technologies such as microwave, ultrasound, and the hybridization of both were tested in the extraction of phenolic compounds from Mexican rambutan peel. The results show that the hybrid technology extraction yielded the highest polyphenolic content (176.38 mg GAE/g of dry rambutan peel). The HPLC/MS/ESI analysis revealed three majoritarian compounds: geraniin, corilagin, and ellagic acid. These compounds explain the excellent results for the biological assays, namely antioxidant activity evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS, and LOI (Lipid oxidation inhibition) assays that exhibited great antioxidant capacity with IC50 values of 0.098, 0.335, and 0.034 mg/mL respectively, as well as prebiotic activity demonstrated by a µMax (maximum growth) of 0.203 for Lactobacillus paracasei. Lastly, these compounds have shown no hemolytic activity, opening the door for the elaboration of different products in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

Biodegradation of Punicalagin into Ellagic Acid by Selected Probiotic Bacteria: A Study of the Underlying Mechanisms by MS-Based Proteomics

“…casei, and E. durans are tested for the in vitro biodegradation of ellagitannins and the first time that Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, E. faecium, and L.…”

Initial Study of Fungal Bioconversion of guishe (Agave lechuguilla Residue) Juice for Bioherbicide Activity on Model Seeds

“…The bioactive molecules were detected by sample injection in high-performance liquid chromatography (Varian ProStar), as reported by Estrada-Gil et al [25]. The samples were filtered through a 0.45 µm nylon membrane with a 1:10 dilution.…”

Agri-food Waste Valorisation

“…85 In a recent study conducted by Estrada-Gil et al (2022), they confirmed that the simultaneous use of microwaves and ultrasound has a better extraction yield of phenolic compounds from Mexican Rambutan peel residues than the separate use of those techniques. 86 On the other hand, Sillero et al (2020), by optimising the extraction of pine bark by simultaneous use of microwave and ultrasound, concluded that this pre-treatment not only improves extraction yields, but also reduces reaction times by up to 47 times compared to the conventional method. 85 Recently, the use of this pretreatment has also been studied to favour depolymerisation by acid treatment of lignin.…”