Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Jaboticaba Peels and Application into Zein Ultrafine Fibers Produced by Electrospinning

Abstract

This work focused on the recovery bioactive compounds from jaboticaba peels and to develop ultrafine fibers from zein incorporated with the jaboticaba extract by electrospinning technique. Jaboticaba peel extracts (JPE) were obtained by maceration according a central composite rotational design (CCDR) and characterized with respect to total phenolic content (TP), antioxidant activity (AA) and total anthocyanin (TA). The optimal condition for the extraction was obtained using a desirability function in order to maximize the presence of bioactive compounds. Under these conditions the amount of cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cn-3-Glu) and the antimicrobial inhibition (AI) of E. coli were evaluated. Ultrafine fibers were obtained by electrospinning technique using zein in an aqueous ethanol as solvent and freeze-dried JPE at different concentrations (1.7% and 3.3%) to produce a composite membrane. The apparent viscosity and electrical conductivity of the polymer solutions, as well as the morphology, thermal stability and functional groups of the ultrafine fibers, were evaluated. The optimal conditions for extraction were 88 °C and pH 1. Under these conditions, a high amount of Cn-3-Glu was obtained (718.12 mg 100 g−1), along with 22.2% antimicrobial inhibition against E. coli. The addition of JPE into composite membranes did not affect the morphology of fibers, which presented a homogeneous and continuous format. Therefore, fibers containing JPE showed interesting characteristics for the food packaging industry.

Promising New Material for Food Packaging: An Active and Intelligent Carrageenan Film with Natural Jaboticaba Additive

“…According to what was expected, this signal was less intense in the films containing JPE than the freeze-dried extract. Similar results were obtained by Avila et al [16], who reported the same behavior in ultrafine fibers produced with different concentrations of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel extract. Comparing the JPE containing films with the control film, it was possible to observe a band shift of 3300 for higher wavenumbers as JPE is added.…”

“…Then, the jaboticaba peel extract was obtained by maceration according to the optimal condition described by Avila et al [16] using acidified water (pH 1) as solvent and extraction temperature of 88 • C for 1 h. These parameters were defined according to an experimental design that evaluated the parameters of extraction temperature and solvent pH for the recovery of total phenolic compounds and total anthocyanin from freeze-dried jaboticaba peels. The extraction step was performed in a water-bath (SOLAB-SL 157, Piracicaba, Brazil) under constant agitation.…”

Active Electrospun Mats: A Promising Material for Active Food Packaging

“…However, the increase of fiber diameter was attributed to the higher solution viscosities [31]. Meanwhile, a contrary effect was obtained in the study of Avila et al In this case, the incorporation and increase of jaboticaba peel extract concentration into zein solutions increased their electrical conductivity, which favored the formation of thinner fibers [35]. The same effect was also evidenced in the electrospinning process of chitosan nanofibers loaded with lysozyme [42].…”

“…A work about PCL fibers loaded with sage extract evidenced that the incorporation and increase of extract concentration in the polymeric solution decreased its viscosity and favored the production of thinner fibers [33]. Likewise, an increase of concentration of jaboticaba peel extract in a zein solution decreased its viscosity and the diameter of the fibers [35]. Meanwhile, an increase of concentration of tomato peel extract in a polymeric solution of zein produced an increase of its viscosity and the development of thicker fibers [34].…”

Microencapsulation of Anthocyanins—Critical Review of Techniques and Wall Materials

“…Despite this, superior electrical conductivity poses difficulties since the solution does not possess adequate charge repulsion to overcome its surface tension [66]. Several studies have reported an increase in conductivity upon incorporating anthocyanin into the polymer solution and higher elongation of jet and fibers with a smaller diameter [67][68][69].…”