Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease.

McIntosh, Kenneth; Dees, Jane H.; Becker, Walter; Kapikian, Albert Z.; Chanock, Robert M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.57.4.933

Cited by 502 publications

(423 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In recent years human foetal tracheal organ cultures have been used for the isolation of TBV-like viruses from the respiratory tract of man (Tyrrell and Bynoe, 1965;McIntosh et al, 1967). Loss of ciliary activity is used as an indicator of virus isolations (Tyrrell, Bynoe and Hoorn, 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electron-Microscope Study Of The Trachea Of The Fowl Infected With Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus

Uppal

Chu

1970

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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PLATES LXV-LXVIIE A R L Y electron-microscope studies of metal-shadowed preparations of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) revealed that the virus particle had a diameter of 60-120 nm (Reagan et al., 1948;Reagan and Brueckner, 1952). Later, negative staining showed it to differ from Newcastle disease virus in having less densely packed and more loosely attached surface projections that gave a strawberry-like appearance (Chu, 1964). Berry et al. (1964) confirmed that the projections of IBV are morphologically distinct from those of the myxoviruses, and reported that the diameter of the virus particle was 80-120 nm. Domermuth and Edwards (1957) examined ultrathin sections of IBV-infected chorio-allantoic membranes and observed intracytoplasmic particles having a doughnut-like appearance and measuring 178-200 nm in diameter. Viruses isolated from the respiratory tracts of persons with common colds have been described as " avian infectious bronchitislike " on account of their morphology in negatively stained preparations (Almeida and Tyrrell, 1967). However, differences in internal structure have been reported between the avian and human viruses present in ultrathin sections of infected chorio-allantoic membrane and human embryo kidney tissue culture cells respectively .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electron-Microscope Study Of The Trachea Of The Fowl Infected With Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus

Uppal

Chu

1970

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Haemagglutination-inhibition tests (for OC 43 virus). The OC 43 strain had been isolated by McIntosh et al (1967a) and had been shown to be indistinguishable from another isolate named OC 38. The OC43 strain adapted to the brain ofsuckling mice (McIntosh, Becker & Chanock, 1967 b) was used for haemagglutination inhibition tests as described by Kaye & Dowdle (1969).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last decade a number of viruses have been isolated from cases of human upper respiratory infection which, though ether-labile, and probably containing RNA, were serologically unrelated to any known human respiratory pathogens (Tyrrell & Bynoe, 1965;Hamre & Procknow, 1966;McIntosh et al 1967a;Tyrrell, Bynoe & Hoorn, 1968;Kapikian et al 1969). It has been shown since that many of these newly isolated strains have the same characteristic morphology as that of the virus of avian infectious bronchitis (McIntosh et al 1967 a;Tyrell, 1967;Almeida & Tyrrell, 1967) and they have been classified together with murine hepatitis (Almeida & Tyrrell, 1967) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (Tajima, 1970) as coronaviruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus antibody titres in sera of healthy adults and experimentally infected volunteers

Bradburne

Somerset

1972

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYSix coronaviruses isolated in the U.S.A. have been inoculated into volunteers and all produced colds. Between 10 and 20 % of infected volunteers developed heterologous antibody responses after these and other experimental infections with coronaviruses. The haemagglutination-inhibition test with the OC43 virus strain was found to detect antibody rises after infection with a variety of strains.Studies on normal adult sera taken between 1965 and 1970 revealed a high frequency of neutralizing antibody to one strain (229E) and a frequency of HI antibody to strain OC43 which fluctuated from year to year. Complement-fixing antibodies to these two viruses were also found, revealing an apparent increase in the activity of coronaviruses in the general population of the U.K., during the winter of 1968-9.

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“…4 ml aliquots of the supernate, the HI-titres of which ranged from 32 to 64 with 0 5 % chicken erythrocytes, were stored in screw-capped plastic tubes at -70°C until use. Internal standardization was carried out using a hyperimmune serum prepared in weanling NMRI mice (McIntosh et al 1967 Mycoplasmapneumoniae antigen, influenza C antigen, and the respective immune sera were purchased from Behringwerke AG, Marburg, FRG.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiological studies on the occurrence of common respiratory infections in paediatric student nurses and medical technology students

et al. 1987

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SUMMARYThe occupational risk of acquiring minor respiratory infections for paediatric student nurses was estimated by performing serological examinations with influenza A, B, C, parainfluenza, mumps, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae at 6-month intervals over a period of 4 years in paediatric student nurses at two schools of nursing and students at one school of medical technology. Titre increases against all tested agents occurred 1-86 times more often in the student nurses than in the medical technology students, the most frequent agents in both groups being influenza A and B. No difference in the relative distribution of the agents could be verified in the two occupational groups. Data on the protective value of pre-infectious antibody levels for influenza A, B, and coronavirus OC43 and on the importance of the spread of single agents among classmates are presented.

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Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease.

Cited by 502 publications

References 12 publications

An Electron-Microscope Study Of The Trachea Of The Fowl Infected With Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus

An Electron-Microscope Study Of The Trachea Of The Fowl Infected With Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus

Coronavirus antibody titres in sera of healthy adults and experimentally infected volunteers

Seroepidemiological studies on the occurrence of common respiratory infections in paediatric student nurses and medical technology students

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