Recovery from self-assembly: a composite material for lithium–sulfur batteries

Zhao, Xinbing; Kim, Dul-Sun; Manuel, James; Cho, Kwon-Koo; Kim, Ki-Won; Ahn, Hyo‐Jun; Ahn, Jou–Hyeon

doi:10.1039/c4ta00490f

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this work, a two‐step melt diffusion method was utilized to infiltrate sulfur into the hollow space of the carbon nanospheres. The sulfur species deposited within S/OP‐HCS were determined to be elemental sulfur by XPS, where high‐intensity S 2p 1/2 and S 2p 3/2 peaks were detected at 163.9 and 161.5 eV, respectively, while only a negligible amount of oxidized sulfur species (≈168 eV) were observed (Figure S5, Supporting Information) . The mass loading of sulfur in the S/OP‐HCS composites was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to be as high as 71 and 80 wt% (denoted S71/OP‐HCS and S80/OP‐HCS, Figure S6, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fructose‐Derived Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Ultrathin and Ordered Mesoporous Shells as Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries for Fast Energy Storage

Zhong

Lü

Zhu

et al. 2017

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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capacity (1675 mAh g −1 ) and energy density (2600 W h kg −1 ) of the batteries, as well as its abundant and economical source of sulfur. [1,2] Li-S batteries are particularly useful in fields that require high energy densities, such as portable electronics and electric vehicles. Unfortunately, despite the numerous advantages, the widespread, practical implementation of Li-S batteries has not been realized, as state-of-the-art Li-S batteries still suffer from poor performance in reversible capacity, cycling stability, and rate capability, which are closely related to the low electrical conductivity of sulfur species (S 8 , intermediate polysulfides, and Li 2 S, leading to poor rate capability), the facile dissolution of polysulfides in liquid electrolyte (leading to poor capacity and cycling stability), and the severe volume variation (≈80%) of the electrode (leading to severe electrode pulverization and poor cycling stability) during the charge-discharge process. [3,4] To address the abovementioned issues, a host that can provide rapid electron transfer, good electrolyte accessibility, and facile Li + diffusion was proposed to construct an effective conductive framework for Li-S battery cathodes. [4,5] In addition, as an ideal host for sulfur, this framework should also help suppress the formation of soluble sulfur intermediate species.Until now, a wide range of functional carbon materials with high specific areas and high porosities, such as carbon particles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and 3D carbon frameworks, have been developed as hosts for sulfur reserve. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Since the energy density is directly related to the amount of sulfur in the electrode, the sulfur content in the electrode should be maximized. However, carbon/sulfur composites developed in early studies usually demonstrated low sulfur ratios (<50 wt%). [7,12] Hollow carbon spheres (HCS), with a vacant yolk and porous shell, are highly attractive hosts for sulfur because they offer far more volume for sulfur deposition/storage. [13,14] On the other hand, a hierarchically porous host can improve the sulfur utilization efficiency. Recently, progress in enhancing the high-rate performance and cycling stability of Li-S battery cathodes was made by applying HCS hosts in which a carbon shell had a tailored pore structure. [14,15] Hollow carbon nanospheres with diameters of ≈300 nm and ultrathin, ordered mesoporous shells (OP-HCS) are synthesized via the facile dualtemplate-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of eco-friendly, sustainable, and inexpensive fructose, in which ordered concave nanopore arrays with an average distance of 10-12 nm and a pore diameter of 4.37 nm are integrated into the balloon-like OP-HCS particles. Lithium-sulfur batteries with S/OP-HCS cathodes exhibit high sulfur utilization, excellent rate capabilities, and decent cycling stabilities. The S/OP-HCS cathode with 71 wt% sulfur demonstrates an excellent discharge capacity of 483 mAh g −1 at the ultrahigh current of 5 C with an overpotential of ≈0.1 V. The cathode a...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fructose‐Derived Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Ultrathin and Ordered Mesoporous Shells as Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries for Fast Energy Storage

Zhong

Lü

Zhu

et al. 2017

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…This may be also one of the main reasons contributing to the continuous capacity fading of other Li-S battery systems. The charge/discharge performance as reported for HCNS/S50 composite is comparable to or superior over those reported for C/S composites with similar sulfur loading and using normal electrolyte without LiNO 3 additive (Liang et al, 2009;Elazari et al, 2011;Li et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2013a;Weng et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2014). The discharge capacity of HCNS/S50 composite cathode is calculated to be 468 mAh g −1 based on the whole electrode, and the energy density is determined to be 948 Wh kg −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Interfacial Reaction Dependent Performance of Hollow Carbon Nanosphere â€“ Sulfur Composite as a Cathode for Li-S Battery

Zheng

Yan

et al. 2015

Front. Energy Res.

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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is a promising energy storage system due to its high energy density, cost effectiveness, and environmental friendliness of sulfur. However, there are still a number of technical challenges, such as low Coulombic efficiency and poor longterm cycle life, impeding the commercialization of Li-S battery. The electrochemical performance of Li-S battery is closely related with the interfacial reactions occurring between hosting substrate and active sulfur species, which are poorly conducting at fully oxidized and reduced states. Here, we correlate the relationship between the performance and interfacial reactions in the Li-S battery system, using a hollow carbon nanosphere (HCNS) with highly graphitic character as hosting substrate for sulfur. With an appropriate amount of sulfur loading, HCNS/S composite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance because of the fast interfacial reactions between HCNS and the polysulfides. However, further increase of sulfur loading leads to increased formation of highly resistive insoluble reaction products (Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S), which limits the reversibility of the interfacial reactions and results in poor electrochemical performances. These findings demonstrate the importance of the interfacial reaction reversibility in the whole electrode system on achieving high capacity and long cycle life of sulfur cathode for Li-S batteries.

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“…As an inorganic component, SBA‐15 was used to prepare inorganic/organic composites . A large number of hydroxyl groups exists in SBA‐15, providing necessary properties for inner face modification and the self‐assembly of large guest molecules . Several works devoted to preparing the organic/inorganic composites through functionalization of the exterior and/or interior surfaces prompted the utilization of SBA‐15 in numerous fields .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of mesoporous SBA‐15/polymer‐copper(II) composites in supercritical CO₂ and their multiple applications

2018

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Novel organic–inorganic mesoporous SBA‐15composites containing nitrogen heterocyclic ring–copper complexes were prepared in supercritical carbon dioxide. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the composites consisted of SBA‐15 and poly(Pya‐co‐AA)–Cu(II). X‐ray diffraction results indicated that the obtained composite possessed a two‐dimensional hexagonal‐ordered mesoporous structure. The specific surface areas of the composites were determined by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method during nitrogen gas adsorption. The morphology of the composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The effects of operating parameters, such as pressure, adsorption time, and monomer concentration, were also investigated. High‐yield, uniform composites with large aspect ratios were obtained at moderate concentration and pressure at a certain time. In addition, the adsorption behaviors of bovine serum albumin and the catalytic oxidation of benzylalcohol by the composites were evaluated. The adsorption capacities and catalytic performance of composites were 442.5 mg L−1 and 54.4%, respectively. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:823–831, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Recovery from self-assembly: a composite material for lithium–sulfur batteries

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Fructose‐Derived Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Ultrathin and Ordered Mesoporous Shells as Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries for Fast Energy Storage

Fructose‐Derived Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Ultrathin and Ordered Mesoporous Shells as Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries for Fast Energy Storage

Interfacial Reaction Dependent Performance of Hollow Carbon Nanosphere â€“ Sulfur Composite as a Cathode for Li-S Battery

Preparation of mesoporous SBA‐15/polymer‐copper(II) composites in supercritical CO₂ and their multiple applications

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Recovery from self-assembly: a composite material for lithium–sulfur batteries

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Fructose‐Derived Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Ultrathin and Ordered Mesoporous Shells as Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries for Fast Energy Storage

Fructose‐Derived Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Ultrathin and Ordered Mesoporous Shells as Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries for Fast Energy Storage

Interfacial Reaction Dependent Performance of Hollow Carbon Nanosphere â€“ Sulfur Composite as a Cathode for Li-S Battery

Preparation of mesoporous SBA‐15/polymer‐copper(II) composites in supercritical CO2 and their multiple applications

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Preparation of mesoporous SBA‐15/polymer‐copper(II) composites in supercritical CO₂ and their multiple applications