Recovery and characterization ofBalanites aegyptiacaDel. kernel proteins. Effect of defatting, air classification, wet sieving and aqueous ethanol treatment on solubility, digestibility, amino acid composition and sapogenin content

Abstract

In order to find alternative protein sources in African regions where protein deficiency in nutrition is prevailing, solubility, in-vitro digestibility, amino acid composition and chemical score of Balanites aegyptiaca Del. kernel proteins were investigated as a function of different processing steps including defatting, air classification, wet sieving and aqueous ethanol treatment. Air classification delivered a fine fraction of 58.1% of the total protein. Applying a wet sieving process, a protein concentrate of 72.9% protein content was achieved but the recovery was very low (35.6%). However, in case of isoelectric precipitation followed by aqueous ethanol treatment both protein content (78.2%) and recovery (53.7%) were high. Data concerning the chemical score revealed, that lysine content of the defatted kernel flour amounted to 74.2% of the recommended FAO/WHO standard level. In-vitro protein digestibility was found to be higher than of legume proteins. The digestible protein of the full fat flour, defatted flour, air classified and wet sieved fine fractions and protein concentrate were 91.9, 93.7, 82.0, 86.4 and 94.2%, respectively. The sapogenin content per 100 g protein of the investigated protein preparations was significantly lower (46% to 62%) than of the initial material (oilcake).

Evaluation of fertility potential of Blanites aegyptiaca sapogenin extract in male rats

“…Since saponins show anti-hypercholesteremic, hypoglycemic and anti-carcinogenic action (Pettit et al, 1991;Oakenfull and Sidhu, 1990;Abdel-Rahim et al, 1986;Sidhu and Oakenfull 1986), great attention has been paid to saponin-containing plants in order to recover saponins as additives for food products, as pharmaceuticals and as chemical ingredients (Mohamed et al, 2000). Chapagain and Wiesman (2007) chromatographically separated nine compounds and determined their masses in the negative ion mode; subsequent fragmentation of each component was then carried out.…”

Socio-Economic Values and Ecological Importance of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. in Sahelian Agrosystems in western Niger

“…B. aegyptiaca is the tree whose all organs are used either for food, medicinal purposes or for works services. Various parts of the tree have been used in folk medicine in many parts of Africa and Asia (Kipkore et al, 2014;Mohamed et al, 2002Mohamed et al, , 2000. Anti-appetant, anti-diabetic, molluscicidal, anthelmintic and contraceptive activities have been revealed in various Balanites extracts (Kamel et al, 1991;Liu & Nakanis, 1982).…”

Evaluation of Phytoconstituent of Balanites AEGYPTIACA (L) Del Leaves and Fruit-Mesocarp Extracts

“…Al-Malki et al [8] have reported antioxidant potential of Balanites aegyptiaca (L) Del in combating disease. Studies have also reported that Balanites aegyptiaca (L) Del (L) Del have been used as folk medicine in many regions of Africa and Asia [1,9,10]. Literature have reported antifeedant, molluscicide, anthelminthic, and contraceptive activities of Balanites aegyptiaca (L) Del extracts [11,12].…”