“…Corbet 1960, Crosskey 1965, 1990, Disney 1971a, 1971b, 1973, De Moor 1999, Callisto & Goulart 2000, Caldwell & Wiersema 2002, Roque et al 2004. Regarding Simuliidae, two types of association are reported: obligate phoresy and opportunistic (or casual) attachment.…”