Recording sound from human skeletal muscle: Technical and physiological aspects

Bolton, Charles F.; Parkes, Anthony; Thompson, Terry; Clark, Michael R.; Sterne, Chris J.

doi:10.1002/mus.880120207

Cited by 124 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A stabilizing ring, double-sided foam tape, and microporous tape were used to ensure consistent contact pressure of the MMG sensor (Bolton, Parkes, Thompson, Clark, & Sterne, 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Comparisons of Mechanomyographic Amplitude and Mean Power Frequency versus Isometric Torque Relationships

Beck

Housh²,

Johnson³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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This study compared the patterns of mechanomyographic (MMG) amplitude and mean power frequency vs. torque relationships in men and women during isometric muscle actions of the biceps brachii. Seven men (mean age 23.9 ± 3.5 yrs) and 8 women (mean 21.0 ± 1.3 yrs) performed submaximal to maximal isometric muscle actions of the dominant forearm flexors. Following determination of the isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), they randomly performed submaximal step muscle actions in 10% increments from 10% to 90% MVC. Polynomial regression analyses indicated that the MMG amplitude vs. isometric torque relationship for the men was best fit with a cubic model (R 2 = 0.983), where MMG amplitude increased slightly from 10% to 20% MVC, increased rapidly from 20% to 80% MVC, and plateaued from 80% to 100% MVC. For the women, MMG amplitude increased linearly (r 2 = 0.949) from 10% to 100% MVC. Linear models also provided the best fit for the MMG mean power frequency vs. isometric torque relationship in both the men (r 2 = 0.813) and women (r 2 = 0.578). The results demonstrated gender differences in the MMG amplitude vs. isometric torque relationship, but similar torque-related patterns for MMG mean power frequency. These findings suggested that the plateau in MMG amplitude at high levels of isometric torque production for the biceps brachii in the men, but not the women, may have been due to greater isometric torque, muscle stiffness, and/or intramuscular fluid pressure in the men, rather than to differences in motor unit activation strategies for modulating isometric torque production.

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“…A stabilizing ring, double-sided foam tape, and microporous tape were used to ensure consistent contact pressure of the MMG sensor (Bolton, Parkes, Thompson, Clark, & Sterne, 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Comparisons of Mechanomyographic Amplitude and Mean Power Frequency versus Isometric Torque Relationships

Beck

Housh²,

Johnson³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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show abstract

“…A stabilizing ring, double-sided foam tape, and microporous tape were used to ensure consistent contact pressure of the MMG sensor. 8 The MMG sensors were removed after the prestretching assessments in preparation for the stretching protocol. The skin was marked where the MMG sensors were placed, so that the sensors could be replaced in the same position after static stretching.…”

Section: Mmg Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Acute Bout of Static Stretching Does Not Affect Maximal Eccentric Isokinetic Peak Torque, the Joint Angle at Peak Torque, Mean Power, Electromyography, or Mechanomyography

Cramer¹,

Housh²,

Johnson³

et al. 2007

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…Beck et al (2006) compared MMG signals recorded by a piezoelectric contact sensor and an accelerometer during dynamic and isometric torque contraction and found differences between both transducers in terms of amplitude and frequency, and concluded that the MMG transducer may affect the interpretation of MMG signals. Bolton et al (1989) reported that the condenser microphone and the piezoelectric contact sensor show similar frequency response and shape, differing from those shown by the accelerometer . In particular, an accelerometer can be influenced by measurement location (Cescon et al, 2004) and is more strongly affected by movement artifacts than a condenser microphone .…”

Section: ) Graduate School Of Science and Technology Chiba Universimentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Force Tremor on Mechanomyographic Signals Recorded with an Accelerometer and a Condenser Microphone during Measurement of Agonist and Antagonist Muscles in Voluntary Submaximal Isometric Contractions

Kim

Shimomura

Iwanaga

et al. 2008

J Physiol Anthropol

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of force tremor (FT) on the mechanomyogram (MMG) recorded by a condenser microphone (MIC) and an accelerometer (ACC) for the measurement of agonist and antagonist muscles during submaximal isometric contractions. Following determination of the isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), 10 male subjects were asked to perform elbow flexion and extension at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% MVC. Surface electromyogram (EMG) and MMG of the biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB) were recorded simultaneously using a MIC (MMG-MIC ) and an ACC (MMG-ACC ). We analyzed the root mean square (RMS) for all signals and compared the sum of the power spectrum amplitude (SPA) at 3-6 Hz and 8-12 Hz between the MMG-MIC and the MMG-ACC . During elbow flexion and extension, the RMS of the EMG and the MMG-MIC of the agonist were significantly (pϽ0.05) higher than those of the antagonist in each contraction level. The RMS of the MMG-ACC of the antagonist showed no significant (pϾ0.05) difference from that of the agonist, or tended to be higher than the agonist. The SPA of the MMG-MIC of the agonist at 3-6 Hz and 8-12 Hz tended to be higher than the antagonist in elbow flexion and extension at each contraction level. The SPA of the MMG-ACC of the agonist and that of the antagonist showed no significant ( pϾ0.05) difference, or the antagonist MMG-ACC tended to be higher than that of the agonist. These results suggest the MMG detected by a MIC appears to be less affected by FT than is the ACC because of its inherent characteristic to reduce FT in simultaneously evaluated agonist and antagonist muscles by means of MMG during submaximal isometric contraction.

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Recording sound from human skeletal muscle: Technical and physiological aspects

Cited by 124 publications

References 11 publications

Gender Comparisons of Mechanomyographic Amplitude and Mean Power Frequency versus Isometric Torque Relationships

Gender Comparisons of Mechanomyographic Amplitude and Mean Power Frequency versus Isometric Torque Relationships

An Acute Bout of Static Stretching Does Not Affect Maximal Eccentric Isokinetic Peak Torque, the Joint Angle at Peak Torque, Mean Power, Electromyography, or Mechanomyography

Influence of Force Tremor on Mechanomyographic Signals Recorded with an Accelerometer and a Condenser Microphone during Measurement of Agonist and Antagonist Muscles in Voluntary Submaximal Isometric Contractions

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