Recording Focal Macular Photopic Negative Response (PhNR) from Monkeys

Kondo, Mineo; Kurimoto, Y.; Sakai, Takao; Koyasu, Toshiyuki; Miyata, Kanji; Ueno, Shinji; Terasaki, Hiroko

doi:10.1167/iovs.08-1798

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The long-duration focal and full-field ERGs in this study were recorded using the same stimulus parameters, which were comparable to the parameters recommended by Kondo et al 42 for eliciting focal responses. Although the waveforms of the focal and full-field ERGs were similar, they were not identical (Figs.…”

Section: Comparison Of Focal and Full-field Phnrssupporting

confidence: 54%

Electrophysiological ON and OFF Responses in Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy

Morny

Margrain

Binns

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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METHODS. Twelve participants from six families with OPA1 ADOA and 16 age-matched controls were recruited. Electrophysiological assessment involved pattern ERGs (PERGs), focal (208) and full-field long-duration (250 ms) flash ERGs using a red light-emitting diode flash on a rod-saturating blue background, and full-field brief (300 ls) xenon flash ERGs using a red filter over a continuous rod saturating blue background. Amplitudes and implicit times of the ERG components were analyzed and the diagnostic potential of each electrophysiological technique was determined by generating receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.RESULTS. Mean amplitudes of the N95 and all PhNRs, except the full-field PhNR ON , were significantly reduced in participants with ADOA (P < 0.01). Subtraction of the group-averaged focal ERG of ADOA participants from that of controls showed an equal loss in the focal PhNR ON and PhNR OFF components, whereas in the full-field ERG the loss in the PhNR OFF was greater than that in the PhNR ON component. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for the focal PhNR ON (0.92), focal PhNR OFF (0.95), and full-field PhNR OFF (0.83), were not significantly different from that of the PERG N95 (0.99).CONCLUSIONS. In patients with ADOA, the PhNR ON and PhNR OFF components are nearly symmetrically reduced in the long-duration ERG, suggesting that ON-and OFF-RGC pathways may be equally affected.

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Section: Comparison Of Focal and Full-field Phnrssupporting

confidence: 54%

Electrophysiological ON and OFF Responses in Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy

Morny

Margrain

Binns

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…The PhNR in the flash ERG are probably overlapping LN-on and LN-off responses (Kondo et al, 2008). We found that the LN-add amplitude is slightly increased compared to either LN-on or LN-off in both square wave and sawtooth stimuli, suggesting some asymmetry in those late negative components.…”

Section: Response Components and Their Cellular Originsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Human photopic ON- and OFF-ERG responses elicited by square wave and sawtooth stimuli.

Pangeni

Kremers

2013

Psychology & Neuroscience

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In this study, the on-and off-responses elicited by luminance square wave and sawtooth stimuli at different temporal frequencies and contrasts are described quantitatively. Adding on-and off-responses reveals response asymmetries. Full-field stimuli were produced using a Ganzfeld bowl with arrays of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as light sources. ERG responses were recorded from six normal subjects. The amplitudes and implicit times of components of the on-and off-responses and the additions were analyzed. The amplitudes of the on-, off-and addition components elicited by square wave stimuli did not depend on temporal frequency with the exception of the late negative components, which decreased with increasing temporal frequency up to 4 Hz. The amplitudes of all components elicited by sawtooth stimuli, except the P-on, decreased with increasing temporal frequency. The amplitude of all components elicited by square wave and sawtooth stimuli were positively correlated with stimulus contrast. The implicit times of the on-components to square wave stimuli and all response components to sawtooth stimuli decreased with increasing temporal frequency. Contrast had an effect on the implicit times of the N-on, P-on, P-off and P-add components elicited by square wave stimuli and the N-on, P-on, P-add and LN-on components elicited by sawtooth stimuli. The asymmetries between on-and off-responses can possibly be used to reveal inner retinal contributions and may therefore be interesting in detecting glaucomatous changes.

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“…Recent studies have used focal macular ERG to record the PhNR from localized retinal areas. [12][13][14][15] Machida et al 12,15 suggested that focal PhNR can detect early glaucoma with higher sensitivity and specificity than full-field PhNR. Therefore, the reduction of focal macular PhNR amplitude in patients with optic neuritis suggests that an inner retinal dysfunction of the macula already exists at the onset of symptoms.…”

Section: Reduction Of Focal Macular Erg In Patients With Optic Neuritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10] Several researchers measured PhNR by using focal macular ERG in humans and monkeys. [11][12][13][14][15] Focal macular PhNR detected early glaucoma with higher sensitivity and specificity than full-field PhNR. 5,15 Most patients with acute idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis have good visual acuity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focal macular photopic negative response in patients with optic neuritis

Nakamura

Miyamoto

Yokota

et al. 2011

Eye

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Purpose To investigate, by focal macular electroretinography (ERG), the change of photopic negative response (PhNR) in the recovery of visual function in patients with optic neuritis. Methods Focal macular ERG was recorded from nine patients with acute optic neuritis (38.6±10.2 years). The photostimulator device projected 151 visual angle spotlight onto the macula. Focal macular ERG recording was performed at the onset and at 1 month and 6 months after the onset of optic neuritis. The results were compared between each recording for seven of the patients. Results All patients decreased in the vision below 20/100 and had central scotoma. Vision improved more than 20/20 within 1 month and full-visual field recovered within 6 months after the onset in all patients. The amplitude of the a-wave, b-wave, and PhNR of focal macular ERG at the onset was significantly attenuated in eyes with optic neuritis (66.8±15.5, 65.8±17.7, and 65.2±14.4% of normal control, respectively). The amplitude of the a-wave and b-wave increased gradually after steroid pulse therapy. The increase in a-wave amplitude was significant at 6 months (P ¼ 0.046), whereas the PhNR amplitude did not show any significant change over 6 months after the onset of optic neuritis. Conclusions Our results suggest that inflammation at the onset of optic neuritis leads to functional deficits that extend to at least the inner nuclear layers of the retina, and that all but the ganglion cell layers of retina recover.

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Recording Focal Macular Photopic Negative Response (PhNR) from Monkeys

Abstract: It is possible to record focal macular PhNRs from monkeys by using a red stimulus spot on a blue background. Investigations of focal PhNRs can be a useful method of studying inner retinal function of local areas in normal and diseased retinas.

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Electrophysiological ON and OFF Responses in Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy

Electrophysiological ON and OFF Responses in Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy

Human photopic ON- and OFF-ERG responses elicited by square wave and sawtooth stimuli.

Focal macular photopic negative response in patients with optic neuritis

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