Recorded Responses of Building Structures during the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake with Some Implications for Design Practice

Okawa, Izuru; Kashima, Toshihide; Koyama, Shin; Iiba, Masanori

doi:10.1193/1.4000130

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…(1) with respect to the depths of subsurface layers having Vs 1.1 km/s, 1.4 km/s, 1.7 km/s, 2.1 km/s, 2.7 km/s, and 3.0 km/s for a period of 5 s. In the figure, fitted lines between the residuals and depths of layers using Eqs. (2) and (3) are also plotted. It can be seen that after a certain depth D 0 , the residuals show a clear trend of increasing values with an increase in the depths of sediments.…”

Section: Results Of Regression Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Absolute Velocity Response Spectra (1-10 S) in Japan for Earthquake Early Warning

et al. 2015

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We constructed ground motion prediction equation (GMPE) for absolute velocity response spectra in the period range of 1 to 10 s with the primary aim of providing early warning of long-period ground motions in Japan during moderate to large magnitude earthquakes. We found that the spatial variability of the observed long-period intensities can be reproduced in broad areas within a difference of one intensity by using the methodology proposed in this study that requires the magnitude and distance to be determined promptly.

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Section: Results Of Regression Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Absolute Velocity Response Spectra (1-10 S) in Japan for Earthquake Early Warning

et al. 2015

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“…In the base isolation system of the precast prestressed moment frame concrete building, 11 low-damping rubber bearings, 45 lead rubber bearings, and 9 steel-damper-combined rubber bearings are incorporated. This structure was an important building to evaluate the performance of the isolation system not only for being exposed to the largest earthquake in the history of Japan but also to experience 84 aftershock sequences that occurred from 2010 to 2016 to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the seismic isolation system and the continued functionality of the structure and damage to its contents [63,64]. Peak ground acceleration is reduced more than 2.5 times on the 6th floor compared to the measured acceleration waveforms in the isolation interface.…”

Section: Seismic Performance Of Monitored Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake-Resilient Design of Seismically Isolated Buildings: A Review of Technology

Yenidogan

2021

Vibration

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Earthquake Seismic isolation plays an important role in achieving sustainable earthquake resilience communities. Seismic isolation method is a justified, mature, and reliable performance enhancement strategy for a wide range of structural systems and valuable contents. As a result of the targeted response modification, high-performance expectations and earthquake resilience can be achieved during the service life of the structures that are compliant with the design code requirements. Design and analysis procedures of isolation systems in standards were evolved substantially to expand the use of isolation technology and quantify the benefits of isolation systems to overcome the existing impediments. Strictly speaking, new tools are offered to the engineering community to highlight the possible issues that may appear in isolation units beyond the design basis earthquake level to improve the accuracy of response prediction. This paper aims to overview the characteristics of frequently used isolation systems in the industry with mathematical models, design criteria toward sustainable communities, the current state of practice along with the set forth design requirements of selectively well-known standards with special emphasis to the ELF procedure from the perspective of performance-based design philosophy. Additionally, two large-scale seismic isolation applications in the world are given as benchmark studies for the new construction and upgrading scheme in the content of the study.

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“…The THU building was exposed to significantly higher levels of maximum acceleration at the top of the building (PTA) and showed recovery slopes that were an order of magnitude larger than for the ANX building before 2011 (ie, R1, R2). On the other hand, the recovery slope after the Tohoku earthquake (ie, R3) was around fivefold steeper for the THU building, which was severely damaged during this event 21 . Although the log‐time adjustment does not have any physical basis, we assume that the rate of recovery is linked in some way to the rate of coalescence within the particles in cracked zones, so that an equilibrium state can be reached.…”

Section: Observations In Japanese Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural health building response induced by earthquakes: Material softening and recovery

Guéguen

2020

Engineering Reports

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Under proper loading conditions, micro-to-nanoscale heterogeneities (ie, the bond system) that are commonly found within the materials of a system can coalesce until causing macroscopic alterations of the system properties. The bond system is responsible for atypical and invariant-scale nonlinear elastic processes in granular media, from laboratory-tested materials (mm) to the Earth's crust (km). The unusual observed behavior involves slow recovery, or relaxation, of the elastic properties after dynamic loading. Several models have been designed to explain non-linear elasticity, although their physics is still partially unknown. Here, we show that recovery processes are also observed at intermediary scales (m) in civil engineering structures, and that they might be related to structural health due to the healing of cracks. For Japanese buildings subjected to earthquakes, we observe rapid co-seismic reductions of their resonance frequency, followed by fascinating recoveries over different time scales. For the first time, slow recovery is presented in buildings over short times (ie, seconds) for a single earthquake; over intermediate times (ie, months) for a sequence of aftershocks; and over long times (ie, years) for a series of earthquakes. This study focuses on the analysis of long-term recovery and recovery during aftershocks, in order to detect permanent damage. By comparing two buildings with different damage levels after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, we show how relaxation models can characterize the level of cracking caused by damaging events. Our results demonstrate that nonlinear elasticity, combined with existing monitoring techniques, can be a powerful approach for damage detection and damage characterization. K E Y W O R D S bond system, building damage, earthquakes, recovery process, resonance frequencies, seismic structural health 1 INTRODUCTION Damage is understood as any change in the material of a system that negatively affects its current or future performance, meaning a loss of its optimal and original design. 1 All damage begins at the scale of the material, usually as a small This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Recorded Responses of Building Structures during the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake with Some Implications for Design Practice

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Absolute Velocity Response Spectra (1-10 S) in Japan for Earthquake Early Warning

Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Absolute Velocity Response Spectra (1-10 S) in Japan for Earthquake Early Warning

Earthquake-Resilient Design of Seismically Isolated Buildings: A Review of Technology

Structural health building response induced by earthquakes: Material softening and recovery

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