Recorded and Reported Sleepiness: The Association Between Brain Arousal in Resting State and Subjective Daytime Sleepiness

Jawinski, Philippe; Kittel, Jennifer; Sander, Christian; Huang, Jue; Spada, Janek; Ulke, Christine; Wirkner, Kerstin; Hensch, Tilman; Hegerl, Ulrich

doi:10.1093/sleep/zsx099

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This finding is in line with the study findings from Olbrich et al [11] and more recently by Jawinski et al [28], who demonstrated a gradual change of ANS activity in different states of brain arousal in 15-min resting EEG data. Most importantly, these gradual ANS changes were present in most cases within each 30-min time block.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of brain arousal and time-on-task on autonomic nervous system activity in the wake-sleep transition

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAutonomic nervous system (ANS) activity has been shown to vary with the state of brain arousal. In a previous study, this association of ANS activity with distinct states of brain arousal was demonstrated using 15-min EEG data, but without directly controlling for possible time-on-task effects. In the current study we examine ANS-activity in fine-graded EEG-vigilance stages (indicating states of brain arousal) during two conditions of a 2-h oddball task while controlling for time-on-task. In addition, we analyze the effect of time-on-task on ANS-activity while holding the level of brain arousal constant.MethodsHeart rate and skin conductance level of healthy participants were recorded during a 2-h EEG with eyes closed under simultaneous presentation of stimuli in an ignored (N = 39) and attended (N = 39) oddball condition. EEG-vigilance stages were classified using the Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig (VIGALL 2.1). The time-on-task effect was tested by dividing the EEG into four 30-min consecutive time blocks. ANS-activity was compared between EEG-vigilance stages across the entire 2 h and within each time block.ResultsWe found a coherent decline of ANS-activity with declining brain arousal states, over the 2-h recording and in most cases within each 30-min block in both conditions. Furthermore, we found a significant time-on-task effect on heart rate, even when arousal was kept constant. It was most pronounced between the first and all subsequent blocks and could have been a consequence of postural change at the beginning of the experiment.ConclusionOur findings contribute to the validation of VIGALL 2.1 using ANS parameters in 2-h EEG recording under oddball conditions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12868-018-0419-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of brain arousal and time-on-task on autonomic nervous system activity in the wake-sleep transition

et al. 2018

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“…Further results show that objective measured sleepiness was significantly associated with the reported likelihood of having fallen asleep during EEG recordings and was almost significantly associated with subjective daytime sleepiness. These results are in line with recent findings of a study by Jawinski et al (56), which investigated the association between recorded and reported sleepiness in a population-based cohort study including 10,000 randomly selected inhabitants of Leipzig, Germany. They found moderate correlations between objective sleepiness parameters and the reported likelihood of having fallen asleep.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reported and Recorded Sleepiness in Obesity and Depression

et al. 2020

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Background: Obesity and depression are both associated with changes in sleep/wake regulation, with potential implications for individualized treatment especially in comorbid individuals suffering from both. However, the associations between obesity, depression, and subjective, questionnaire-based and objective, EEG-based measurements of sleepiness used to assess disturbed sleep/wake regulation in clinical practice are not well known. Objectives: The study investigates associations between sleep/wake regulation measures based on self-reported subjective questionnaires and EEG-derived measurements of sleep/wake regulation patterns with depression and obesity and how/whether depression and/or obesity affect associations between such self-reported subjective questionnaires and EEG-derived measurements. Methods: Healthy controls (HC, N HC = 66), normal-weighted depressed (DEP, N DEP = 16), non-depressed obese (OB, N OB = 68), and obese depressed patients (OBDEP, N OBDEP = 43) were included from the OBDEP (Obesity and Depression, University Leipzig, Germany) study. All subjects completed standardized questionnaires related to daytime sleepiness (ESS), sleep quality and sleep duration once as well as questionnaires related to situational sleepiness (KSS, SSS, VAS) before and after a 20 min resting state EEG in eyes-closed condition. EEG-based measurements of objective sleepiness were extracted by the VIGALL algorithm. Associations of subjective sleepiness with objective sleepiness and moderating effects of obesity, depression, and additional confounders were investigated by correlation analyses and regression analyses. Results: Depressed and non-depressed subgroups differed significantly in most subjective sleepiness measures, while obese and non-obese subgroups only differed significantly in few. Objective sleepiness measures did not differ significantly between the subgroups. Moderating effects of obesity and/or depression on the associations between subjective and objective measures of sleepiness were rarely significant, but associations between subjective and objective measures of sleepiness in the depressed subgroup

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“…Physiological data were collected and processed, as previously described [26]. All EEGs were recorded according to the same standardized operating procedure.…”

Section: Physiological Data Collection and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By incorporating information on the spectral composition and cortical distribution of EEG activity, VIGALL enables the computerized assessment of EEG-vigilance as an indicator of brain arousal in the resting state. The algorithm has been validated in functional imaging studies [22][23][24], against parameters of the autonomous nervous system [25,26], and against subjective ratings [26]. Beyond conventional DSM and ICD disorder categories, VIGALL may constitute one tool to identify etiologically more homogenous psychiatric patient groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, none has assessed arousal and its regulation. Consequently, prior studies used recording periods of <5 min, while longer recordings are preferred when investigating the dynamics of arousal in the resting state [26]. Notably, due to the high-interindividual variability in EEG activity, the assessment of arousal requires adaptive procedures that account for individual peak frequencies and total power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human brain arousal in the resting state: a genome-wide association study

et al. 2018

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Arousal affects cognition, emotion, and behavior and has been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. Although environmental conditions substantially contribute to the level of arousal, stable interindividual characteristics are well-established and a genetic basis has been suggested. Here we investigated the molecular genetics of brain arousal in the resting state by conducting a genome-wide association study (GWAS). We selected N = 1877 participants from the population-based LIFE-Adult cohort. Participants underwent a 20-min eyes-closed resting state EEG, which was analyzed using the computerized VIGALL 2.1 (Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig). At the SNP-level, GWAS analyses revealed no genome-wide significant locus (p < 5E-8), although seven loci were suggestive (p < 1E-6). The strongest hit was an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) of TMEM159 (lead-SNP: rs79472635, p = 5.49E-8). Importantly, at the gene-level, GWAS analyses revealed significant evidence for TMEM159 (p = 0.013, Bonferroni-corrected). By mapping our SNPs to the GWAS results from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, we found that all corresponding markers of TMEM159 showed nominally significant associations with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD; 0.006 ≤ p ≤ 0.011). More specifically, variants associated with high arousal levels have previously been linked to an increased risk for MDD. In line with this, the MetaXcan database suggests increased expression levels of TMEM159 in MDD, as well as Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Alzheimer's Disease. Furthermore, our pathway analyses provided evidence for a role of sodium/calcium exchangers in resting state arousal. In conclusion, the present GWAS identifies TMEM159 as a novel candidate gene which may modulate the risk for psychiatric disorders through arousal mechanisms. Our results also encourage the elaboration of the previously reported interrelations between ion-channel modulators, sleep-wake behavior, and psychiatric disorders.

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Recorded and Reported Sleepiness: The Association Between Brain Arousal in Resting State and Subjective Daytime Sleepiness

Cited by 33 publications

References 54 publications

Impact of brain arousal and time-on-task on autonomic nervous system activity in the wake-sleep transition

Impact of brain arousal and time-on-task on autonomic nervous system activity in the wake-sleep transition

Reported and Recorded Sleepiness in Obesity and Depression

Human brain arousal in the resting state: a genome-wide association study

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