Reconstruction of the Putative Cervidae Ancestral Karyotype by Chromosome Painting of Siberian Roe Deer <i>(Capreolus pygargus)</i> with Dromedary Probes

Abstract

The Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) is one of a few deer species presumably preserving the ancestral cervid karyotype. The comparative genomic data of the Siberian roe deer are critical for our understanding of the karyotypic relationships within artiodactyls. We have established chromosomal homologies between the Siberian roe deer and the dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) by cross-species chromosome painting with dromedary chromosome-specific painting probes. Dromedary chromosome paints detected 53 autosomal homologies in the genome of the Siberian roe deer. The identification of chromosomal homologies between the Siberian roe deer and cattle resulted from previously detected cattle-dromedary homologies. We have found 8 chromosomal rearrangements (6 fissions in the Siberian roe deer, 1 fission in the cattle and 1 inversion on the CPY11) that have separated the karyotypes of the cattle and the Siberian roe deer. The inversion on CPY11 might be an apomorphic trait of cervids, since we detected its presence in the gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira). Thus our data further prove the scenario of chromosomal rearrangements that was previously proposed and add some new data.

Comparative chromosome painting of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis) karyotypes with human and dromedary camel probes

“…It was shown previously that the combination of camel and human chromosome specific probes is a powerful tool for chromosome painting studies of Cetartiodactyla species and provides high resolution comparative chromosome maps [23,26-28]. Here we present genome-wide comparative maps for two Ruminantia species - pronghorn (Antilocapridae) and saola (Bovidae).…”

Chromosome painting in Tragulidae facilitates the reconstruction of Ruminantia ancestral karyotype

“…The same set of probes have been utilized to establish genome-wide comparative maps for major representative species of most cetartiodactyl families (Balmus et al 2007;Huang et al 2008;Kulemzina et al 2009;Dementyeva et al 2010). Furthermore, the elements of Cetartiodactyla ancestral karyotype (CAK) have been suggested based on the synteny conservation and disruption of human and dromedary chromosomes (Kulemzina et al 2009).…”

“…Many species from pecoran families (exept for Antilocapridae) have been extensively studied by comparative chromosome painting (Yang et al 1995(Yang et al , 1997aIannuzzi et al 1998;Chaves et al 2004, Chi et al 2005, Huang et al 2005, 2006, 2008Dementyeva et al 2010). A Pecoran ancestral karyotype (PAK) with 2n=58 was suggested (Slate et al 2002), which was very similar to Moschidae karyotypes (Chi et al 2005).…”

Intrapopulation Chromosomal Polymorphism in <b><i>Mazama gouazoubira</i></b> (Cetartiodactyla; Cervidae): The Emergence of a New Species?

“…The first point is that M. gouazoubira retained the putative ancestral deer karyotype with 70 chromosomes that is standard to the species [Neitzel, 1987;Fontana and Rubini, 1990;Dementyeva et al, 2010]. Five of 19 specimens had 2n = 69 and maintained FN = 70.…”

“…gouazoubira (2n = 70; FN = 70) has 68 acrocentric autosomes, an acrocentric X, and a metacentric Y [Neitzel, 1987;Fontana and Rubini, 1990], similar to the putative Cervidae ancestral karyotype [Dementyeva et al, 2010]. The karyotypes of other species in the Mazama genus differ from the proposed ancestral deer karyotype by a high number of chromosomal rearrangements, including tandem fusions, centric fusions, pericentric inversions, and the presence of B chromosomes [Fontana and Rubini, 1990].…”