Reconstruction of the Parameters of the Lower Midlatitude Ionosphere in M- and X-Class Solar Flares

Гаврилов, Б. Г.; Ermak, Vladimir; Lyakhov, A. N.; Poklad, Yu. V.; Rybakov, V. A.; Ryakhovskiy, Iliya

doi:10.1134/s0016793220060043

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Figure 13 gives the simple dependence for H' with the well-defined slope Looking at the Figure 13, one can see a totally different situation for the results of It can be noticed that, when the intense solar flux increases during SF, values of the reflection height H' decrease. Looking at Figure 12, generally speaking, there is a good agreement in the values of the reflection height from the literature [41][42][43][44]. When the intensity of radiation increases from 10 −6 to 10 −3 Wm −2 (i.e., when we go from normal conditions of the ionosphere to the perturbed ionosphere due to strong X-class SF), the reflections go down from 74 km to 50 km.…”

Section: Comparison Of Obtained Ionospheric Parameterssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The sharpness parameter β and reflection height H' (red squares) calculated in present work are plotted in Figures 12 and 13 together with results of other authors [41][42][43][44]. In Table S3, one can find the data of amplitude and phase perturbations of the VLF signal and the ionospheric parameters induced by different SF events which were also analyzed in this study.…”

Section: Comparison Of Obtained Ionospheric Parameterssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Generally speaking, sharpness parameter β increases with the increase in X radiation intensity. However, the results are more scattered with the huge disagreement for the cases of strong X-class solar flares (right corner of the Figure) due to results of Gavrilov et al [44]. These results of Gavrilov et al deviate a lot from the slope obtained from the results of other authors.…”

Section: Comparison Of Obtained Ionospheric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Low Ionosphere under Influence of Strong Solar Radiation: Diagnostics and Modeling

et al. 2021

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Solar flares (SFs) and intense radiation can generate additional ionization in the Earth’s atmosphere and affect its structure. These types of solar radiation and activity create sudden ionospheric disturbances (SIDs), affect electronic equipment on the ground along with signals from space, and potentially induce various natural disasters. Focus of this work is on the study of SIDs induced by X-ray SFs using very low frequency (VLF) radio signals in order to predict the impact of SFs on Earth and analyze ionosphere plasmas and its parameters. All data are recorded by VLF BEL stations and the model computation is used to obtain the daytime atmosphere parameters induced by this extreme radiation. The obtained ionospheric parameters are compared with results of other authors. For the first time we analyzed physics of the D-region—during consecutive huge SFs which continuously perturbed this layer for a few hours—in detail. We have developed an empirical model of the D-region plasma density and gave a simple approximative formula for electron density.

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Section: Comparison Of Obtained Ionospheric Parameterssupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Comparison Of Obtained Ionospheric Parameterssupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Comparison Of Obtained Ionospheric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Low Ionosphere under Influence of Strong Solar Radiation: Diagnostics and Modeling

et al. 2021

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“…In Figure 14, we present the results from this investigation, i.e., paper (using three methods from Sections 2.2.1-2.2.3), which are either simulated, calculated, approximated or the data obtained from literature [16,37,[40][41][42], for electron density N e at reference height as a function of X-ray flux. The area of importance is between the two red lines.…”

Section: Comparison Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During SIDs the time profile of electron density follows the solar X-ray flux variation. [16,37,[40][41][42]. Area of importance is between the two red lines.…”

Section: Comparison Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Modelling Approach for Obtaining the Parameters of Low Ionosphere under Extreme Radiation in X-Spectral Range

et al. 2021

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Strong radiation from solar X-ray flares can produce increased ionization in the terrestrial D-region and change its structure. Moreover, extreme solar radiation in X-spectral range can create sudden ionospheric disturbances and can consequently affect devices on the terrain as well as signals from satellites and presumably cause numerous uncontrollable catastrophic events. One of the techniques for detection and analysis of solar flares is studying the variations in time of specific spectral lines. The aim of this work is to present our study of solar X-ray flare effects on D-region using very low-frequency radio signal measurements over a long path in parallel with the analysis of X-spectral radiation, and to obtain the atmospheric parameters (sharpness, reflection height, time delay). We introduce a novel modelling approach and give D-region coefficients needed for modelling this medium, as well as a simple expression for electron density of lower ionosphere plasmas. We provide the analysis and software on GitHub.

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Dependence of D-Region Perturbations of the Midlatitude Ionosphere on the Spectral Composition of the X-Ray Radiation of Solar Flares According to Experimental Data

et al. 2022

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Reconstruction of the Parameters of the Lower Midlatitude Ionosphere in M- and X-Class Solar Flares

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Low Ionosphere under Influence of Strong Solar Radiation: Diagnostics and Modeling

Low Ionosphere under Influence of Strong Solar Radiation: Diagnostics and Modeling

Novel Modelling Approach for Obtaining the Parameters of Low Ionosphere under Extreme Radiation in X-Spectral Range

Dependence of D-Region Perturbations of the Midlatitude Ionosphere on the Spectral Composition of the X-Ray Radiation of Solar Flares According to Experimental Data

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