Reconstruction of the Late Quaternary Glaciation of the Macha Khola valley (Gorkha Himal, Nepal) using relative and absolute (14C, 10Be, dendrochronology) dating techniques

Zech, Wolfgang; Glaser, Bruno; Abramowski, Uwe; Dittmar, Christoph; Kubik, Peter W.

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(03)00008-8

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Defining the ages of landforms and sediments throughout much of the HimalayanTibetan orogen has been particularly difficult because of the Shiraiwa, 1993;Sharma and Owen, 1996;Phillips et al, 2000;Richards et al, 2000a,b;Owen et al, 2001Owen et al, , 2002aOwen et al, ,b, 2003aOwen et al, ,b,c, 2005Owen et al, , 2006aSchäfer et al, 2002;Tsukamoto et al, 2002;Yi et al, 2002;Finkel et al, 2003;Zech et al, 2003Zech et al, , 2005Barnard et al, 2004aBarnard et al, ,b, 2006aMeriaux et al, 2004;Spencer and Owen, 2004;Chevalier et al, 2005;Abramowski et al, 2006;Colgan et al, 2006;Seong et al, 2007Seong et al, , 2008a. The red dots in part (A) highlight regions where TCN surface exposure dating has been undertaken.…”

Section: Extent Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60 and 30 ka, and that glaciers advanced during the early to middle Holocene. A plethora of papers following this work emerged and they included distant regions throughout the HimalayanTibetan orogen (Owen et al, , 2002a(Owen et al, ,b, 2003a(Owen et al, ,b,c, 2005Schäfer et al, 2002;Finkel et al, 2003;Zech et al, 2003Zech et al, , 2005Barnard et al, 2004aBarnard et al, ,b, 2006aMeriaux et al, 2004;Chevalier et al, 2005;Abramowski et al, 2006;Seong et al, 2007Seong et al, , 2008a. summarised the TCN studies and suggested that the regional patterns and timing of glaciation reflect temporal and spatial variability in the South Asian monsoon and, in particular, in regional precipitation gradients.…”

Section: Timing Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of numerous glacier advances also complicates correlations between regions based on TCN dating, especially because the TCN dating method is relatively imprecise ($8% systematic error; Balco et al, 2008). A detailed interpretation of the interregional variability therefore requires more comprehensive Owen et al, 2001Owen et al, , 2002aOwen et al, ,c, 2003aOwen et al, ,b,c, 2005Owen et al, , 2006aSchäfer et al, 2002;Finkel et al, 2003;Zech et al, 2003Zech et al, , 2005Barnard et al, 2004aBarnard et al, ,b, 2006aMeriaux et al, 2004;Chevalier et al, 2005;Abramowski et al, 2006;Colgan et al, 2006;Seong et al, 2007Seong et al, , 2008a. The number of samples used to produce each probability plot is indicated by 'n' All data 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Figure 9 Probability density functions of TCN 10 Be ages for all published data from the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen plotted for each major climatic region.…”

Section: Timing Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of samples used to produce each probability plot is indicated by 'n' All data 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Figure 9 Probability density functions of TCN 10 Be ages for all published data from the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen plotted for each major climatic region. (A) All published data; (B) MIS 1 and MIS 2; and (C) MIS 3 to MIS 5e (data from Phillips et al, 2000;Owen et al, 2001Owen et al, , 2002aOwen et al, ,b, 2003aOwen et al, ,b,c, 2005Owen et al, , 2006aSchäfer et al, 2002;Finkel et al, 2003;Zech et al, 2003Zech et al, , 2005Barnard et al, 2004aBarnard et al, ,b, 2006aMeriaux et al, 2004;Chevalier et al, 2005;Abramowski et al, 2006;Colgan et al, 2006;Seong et al, 2007Seong et al, , 2008a. The number of samples used to produce each probability plot is indicated by 'n' in the order of the regions shown in the legend of part (A).…”

Section: Timing Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Quaternary glaciation of the Himalayan–Tibetan orogen

Owen

Caffee

Finkel

et al. 2008

J Quaternary Science

206

143

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Glacial geological evidence from throughout the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen is examined to determine the timing and extent of late Quaternary glaciation in this region and its relation to similar changes on a global scale. The evidence summarised here supports the existence of expanded ice caps and extensive valley glacier systems throughout the region during the late Quaternary. However, it cannot yet be determined whether the timing of the extent of maximum glaciation was synchronous throughout the entire region or whether the response was more varied. The lack of organic material needed for radiocarbon dating has hindered past progress in glacial reconstruction; however, application of optically stimulated luminescence and terrestrial cosmogenic radionuclide methods has recently expanded the number of chronologies throughout the region. Limits to the precision and accuracy available with these methods and, more importantly, geological uncertainty imposed by processes of moraine formation and alteration both conspire to limit the time resolution on which correlations can be made to Milankovitch timescales (several ka). In order to put all studies on a common scale, well-dated sites have been re-evaluated and all the published terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide ages for moraine boulders and glacially eroded surfaces in the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen have been recalculated. Locally detailed studies indicate that there are considerable variations in the extent of glaciation from one region to the next during a glaciation. Glaciers throughout monsoon-influenced Tibet, the Himalaya and the Transhimalaya are likely synchronous both with climate change resulting from oscillations in the South Asian monsoon and with Northern Hemisphere cooling cycles. In contrast, glaciers in Pamir in the far western regions of the Himalayan-Tibet orogen advanced asynchronously relative to the other regions that are monsooninfluenced regions and appear to be mainly in phase with the Northern Hemisphere cooling cycles. Broad patterns of local and regional variability based on equilibrium-line altitudes have yet to be fully assessed, but have the potential to help define changes in climatic gradients over time.

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Section: Extent Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Timing Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Timing Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Timing Of Glaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Quaternary glaciation of the Himalayan–Tibetan orogen

Owen

Caffee

Finkel

et al. 2008

J Quaternary Science

206

143

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“…Numerous radiocarbon dates are available for the wetter parts of the Himalayan-Tibetan region, but most are limited to Holocene proglacial deposits that poorly define the timing of glaciation (Röthlisberger & Geyh 1985;Lehmkuhl 1995aLehmkuhl , 1997. Newly developing techniques that include optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and cosmogenic surface exposure dating are now allowing glacial successions throughout Tibet and the bordering mountains to be dated and correlated (Lehmkuhl et al , 2002Phillips et al 2000;Richards et al 2000a, b;Owen et al 2001Owen et al , 2002aOwen et al , b, c, 2003aOwen et al , b, c, 2005Schäfer et al 2002;Tsukamoto et al 2002;Finkel et al 2003;Zech et al 2003;Spencer & Owen 2004; fig. 3).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary glaciation of Tibet and the bordering mountains: a review

Lehmkuhl¹,

Owen²

2005

Boreas

147

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Abundant glacial geologic evidence present throughout Tibet and the bordering mountains shows that glaciers have oscillated many times throughout the late Quaternary. Yet the timing and extent of glacial advances is still highly debated. Recent studies, however, suggest that glaciation was most extensive prior to the last glacial cycle. Furthermore, these studies show that in many regions of Tibet and the Himalaya glaciation was generally more extensive during the earlier part of the last glacial cycle and was limited in extent during the global Last Glacial Maximum (marine oxygen isotope stage 2). Holocene glacial advances were also limited in extent, with glaciers advancing just a few kilometers from their present ice margins. In the monsoon-influenced regions, glaciation appears to be strongly controlled by changes in insolation that govern the geographical extent of the monsoon and consequently precipitation distribution. Monsoonal precipitation distribution strongly influences glacier mass balances, allowing glaciers in high altitude regions to advance during times of increased precipitation, which are associated with insolation maxima during glacial times. Furthermore, there are strong topographic controls on glaciation, particular in regions where there are rainshadow effects. It is likely that glaciers, influenced by the different climatic systems, behaved differently at different times. However, more detailed geomorphic and geochronological studies are needed to fully explore regional variations. Changes in glacial ice volume in Tibet and the bordering mountains were relatively small after the global LGM as compared to the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. It is therefore unlikely that meltwater draining from Tibet and the bordering mountains during the Lateglacial and early Holocene would have been sufficient to affect oceanic circulation. However, changes in surface albedo may have influenced the dynamics of monsoonal systems and this may have important implications for global climate change. Drainage development, including lake level changes on the Tibetan plateau and adjacent regions has been strongly controlled by climatic oscillations on centennial, decadal and especially millennial timescales. Since the Little Ice Age, and particularly during this century, glaciers have been progressively retreating. This pattern is likely to continue throughout the 21st century, exacerbated by human-induced global warming.

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Review of Holocene glacial chronologies based on radiocarbon dating in Tibet and its surrounding mountains

Chen

Yang

et al. 2008

J Quaternary Science

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A compilation of 53 14 C ages on moraines constrains the Holocene glacial history of Tibet and the surrounding mountains. Several Holocene glacial stages are identified. The Little Ice Age had three substages at 1.0-0.13 cal. ka BP. However, the glacial advances may have occurred 200-600 a earlier in southern and eastern bordering mountains than in the northern bordering mountains. The earlier glacial advance might have been driven by humid conditions in bordering areas of Tibet. Most glacial advances in the Neoglaciation occurred at 3.5-1.4 cal. ka BP. They can be identified in almost every mountain range. An early Holocene glacial advance occurred 9.4-8.8 cal. ka BP, in both central Tibet and bordering mountains. The timings of Holocene glacial advances are synchronous with the cooling periods in the d 18 O record from ice cores and with the results of optically stimulated luminescence dating and cosmogenic exposure dating in Tibet.

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Reconstruction of the Late Quaternary Glaciation of the Macha Khola valley (Gorkha Himal, Nepal) using relative and absolute (14C, 10Be, dendrochronology) dating techniques

Cited by 55 publications

References 41 publications

Quaternary glaciation of the Himalayan–Tibetan orogen

Quaternary glaciation of the Himalayan–Tibetan orogen

Late Quaternary glaciation of Tibet and the bordering mountains: a review

Review of Holocene glacial chronologies based on radiocarbon dating in Tibet and its surrounding mountains

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