Reconstruction of solar activity for the last millennium using $^\mathsf{10}$Be data

Usoskin, Ilya; Мурсула, К.; Solanki, S. K.; Schüßler, M.; Alanko, K.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20031533

Cited by 106 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…We have applied a commonly used approach of inverting the cosmogenic isotope data into cosmic ray flux. This approach, proposed Usoskin et al (2003Usoskin et al ( , 2004, is now a standard method used to reconstruct of the solar or heliospheric parameters in the past (e.g. Solanki et al 2004;Usoskin et al 2006aUsoskin et al , 2007Vonmoos et al 2006;Muscheler et al 2007;Steinhilber et al 2008).…”

Section: Reconstruction Of the Open Flux From Cosmogenic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the solar irradiance during the Holocene

Vieira

Solanki

Krivova

et al. 2011

A&A

322

279

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Context. Long-term records of solar radiative output are vital for understanding solar variability and past climate change. Measurements of solar irradiance are available for only the last three decades, which calls for reconstructions of this quantity over longer time scales using suitable models. Aims. We present a physically consistent reconstruction of the total solar irradiance for the Holocene. Methods. We extend the SATIRE (Spectral And Total Irradiance REconstruction) models to estimate the evolution of the total (and partly spectral) solar irradiance over the Holocene. The basic assumption is that the variations of the solar irradiance are due to the evolution of the dark and bright magnetic features on the solar surface. The evolution of the decadally averaged magnetic flux is computed from decadal values of cosmogenic isotope concentrations recorded in natural archives employing a series of physics-based models connecting the processes from the modulation of the cosmic ray flux in the heliosphere to their record in natural archives. We then compute the total solar irradiance (TSI) as a linear combination of the jth and jth + 1 decadal values of the open magnetic flux. In order to evaluate the uncertainties due to the evolution of the Earth's magnetic dipole moment, we employ four reconstructions of the open flux which are based on conceptually different paleomagnetic models. Results. Reconstructions of the TSI over the Holocene, each valid for a different paleomagnetic time series, are presented. Our analysis suggests that major sources of uncertainty in the TSI in this model are the heritage of the uncertainty of the TSI since 1610 reconstructed from sunspot data and the uncertainty of the evolution of the Earth's magnetic dipole moment. The analysis of the distribution functions of the reconstructed irradiance for the last 3000 years, which is the period that the reconstructions overlap, indicates that the estimates based on the virtual axial dipole moment are significantly lower at earlier times than the reconstructions based on the virtual dipole moment. We also present a combined reconstruction, which represents our best estimate of total solar irradiance for any given time during the Holocene. Conclusions. We present the first physics-based reconstruction of the total solar irradiance over the Holocene, which will be of interest for studies of climate change over the last 11 500 years. The reconstruction indicates that the decadally averaged total solar irradiance ranges over approximately 1.5 W/m 2 from grand maxima to grand minima.

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Section: Reconstruction Of the Open Flux From Cosmogenic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the solar irradiance during the Holocene

Vieira

Solanki

Krivova

et al. 2011

A&A

322

279

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, these records extend to earlier times, covering periods up to thousands of years (Stuiver & Braziunas 1989). By combining physics-based models for each of the processes connecting the isotope concentration in a relevant terrestrial archive with solar activity, open flux and from it the sunspot number could be reconstructed by Solanki et al (2004) and Usoskin et al (2004Usoskin et al ( , 2007. Since from cosmogenic isotope records the primary solar parameter that can be determined is the open flux, the problem faced here is opposite the one dealt with in Sects.…”

Section: Reconstruction Of Solar Magnetic Flux For the Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the solar magnetic flux on time scales of years to millenia

Vieira

Solanki

2010

A&A

114

106

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Aims. We improve the description of the evolution of the Sun's open and total magnetic flux on time scales of years to millenia. Methods. In the model employed here the evolution of the solar total and open magnetic flux is computed from the flux emerging at the solar surface in the form of bipolar magnetic features, which is related to the sunspot number cycle parameters and can be estimated from historical records.

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“…To extend the record of solar activity indirect proxy data can be derived from measurements of the cosmogenic radionuclides 10 Be and 14 C (radiocarbon) in natural archives such as ice cores and tree rings (Beer et al, 1990(Beer et al, , 2006Muscheler et al, 2004;Stuiver et al, 1991;Solanki et al, 2004;Usoskin et al, 2004bUsoskin et al, , 2004cvan Geel, 2008, Steinhilber et al, 2009). Cosmogenic radionuclides are produced continuously in the atmosphere as a result of the interaction of galactic cosmic rays with nitrogen and oxygen.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coughlin and Tung (2004) found an 11-year sun-correlated signal in the lower troposphere. Usoskin et al (2004bUsoskin et al ( , 2004c studied the correlation between solar activity and surface temperature over the last 1150 years and found a correlation coefficient of 0.7-0.8 with a significance level ranging between 94% and 98%. De Jager and Usoskin (2006) Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying and specifying the solar influence on terrestrial surface temperature

Jager

Duhau

Geel

2010

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. b s t r a c tThis investigation is a follow-up of a paper in which we showed that both major magnetic components of the solar dynamo, viz. the toroidal and the poloidal ones, are correlated with average terrestrial surface temperatures. Here, we quantify, improve and specify that result and search for their causes. We studied seven recent temperature files. They were smoothed in order to eliminate the Schwabe-type (11 years) variations. While the total temperature gradient over the period of investigation (1610-1970) is 0.087 1C/century; a gradient of 0.077 1C/century is correlated with the equatorial (toroidal) magnetic field component. Half of it is explained by the increase of the Total Solar Irradiance over the period of investigation, while the other half is due to feedback by evaporated water vapour. A yet unexplained gradient of À 0.040 1C/century is correlated with the polar (poloidal) magnetic field. The residual temperature increase over that period, not correlated with solar variability, is 0.051 1C/century. It is ascribed to climatologic forcings and internal modes of variation.We used these results to study present terrestrial surface warming. By subtracting the above-mentioned components from the observed temperatures we found a residual excess of 0.311 in 1999, this being the triangularly weighted residual over the period 1990-2008. We show that solar forcing of the ground temperature associated with significant feedback is a regularly occurring feature, by describing some well observed events during the Holocene.

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Reconstruction of solar activity for the last millennium using $^\mathsf{10}$Be data

Cited by 106 publications

References 31 publications

Evolution of the solar irradiance during the Holocene

Evolution of the solar irradiance during the Holocene

Evolution of the solar magnetic flux on time scales of years to millenia

Quantifying and specifying the solar influence on terrestrial surface temperature

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