Reconstruction of sea-surface conditions at middle to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) based on dinoflagellate cyst assemblages

Vernal, Anne de; Eynaud, Frédérique; Henry, Maryse; Hillaire‐Marcel, Claude; Londeix, Laurent; Mangin, Sylvie; Matthießen, Jens; Marret, Fabienne; Radi, Taoufik; Rochon, André; Solignac, Sandrine; Turon, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.06.014

Cited by 298 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

237

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Future changes in the polar seas and continued sea ice retreat [Arzel et al, 2006] will affect future marine biogeochemistry, with important feedbacks on climate and consequences for marine ecosystems, some of which have already been observed [e.g., Montes-Hugo et al, 2009;Wassmann et al, 2011]. Paleo-climate studies indicate that past climatic and atmospheric composition changes were associated with extensive modifications in the polar oceans, in terms of circulation, sea ice cover and chemical composition [Crosta et al, 1998;Sarnthein et al, 2003;de Vernal et al, 2005;Sigman et al, 2010]. While a seasonal ice cover should subsist in the future [Armour et al, 2011], the future large-scale biogeochemical dynamics of the polar oceans and in particular the contribution of sea ice are difficult to predict.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, changes in diatoms and dinoflagellates community composition, attributed to the open ocean-sea ice zone transition, are used to reconstruct past sea ice characteristics. Crosta et al [2008], de Vernal et al [2005] and Müller et al [2009], based on marine sediment core data, use diatom frustules, dynocysts and biomarkers specifically produced by sea ice-associated diatoms and open water phytoplankton, respectively. Curran et al [2003] and Wolff et al [2006] use the concentration of methane-sulphonic acid (MSA), an atmospheric by-product of DMS emission in the sea ice zone; and sea salt sodium from glacial ice core data, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

Vancoppenolle

Meiners

Michel

et al. 2013

Quaternary Science Reviews

212

211

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

International audienceObservations from the last decade suggest an important role of sea ice in the global biogeochemical cycles, promoted by (i) active biological and chemical processes within the sea ice; (ii) fluid and gas exchanges at the sea ice interface through an often permeable sea ice cover; and (iii) tight physical, biological and chemical interactions between the sea ice, the ocean and the atmosphere. Photosynthetic micro-organisms in sea ice thrive in liquid brine inclusions encased in a pure ice matrix, where they find suitable light and nutrient levels. They extend the production season, provide a winter and early spring food source, and contribute to organic carbon export to depth. Under-ice and ice edge phytoplankton blooms occur when ice retreats, favoured by increasing light, stratification, and by the release of material into the water column. In particular, the release of iron - highly concentrated in sea ice - could have large effects in the iron-limited Southern Ocean. The export of inorganic carbon transport by brine sinking below the mixed layer, calcium carbonate precipitation in sea ice, as well as active ice-atmosphere carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluxes, could play a central role in the marine carbon cycle. Sea ice processes could also significantly contribute to the sulphur cycle through the large production by ice algae of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), the precursor of sulphate aerosols, which as cloud condensation nuclei have a potential cooling effect on the planet. Finally, the sea ice zone supports significant ocean-atmosphere methane (CH₄) fluxes, while saline ice surfaces activate springtime atmospheric bromine chemistry, setting ground for tropospheric ozone depletion events observed near both poles. All these mechanisms are generally known, but neither precisely understood nor quantified at large scales. As polar regions are rapidly changing, understanding the large-scale polar marine biogeochemical processes and their future evolution is of high priority. Earth system models should in this context prove essential, but they currently represent sea ice as biologically and chemically inert. Palaeoclimatic proxies are also relevant, in particular the sea ice proxies, inferring past sea ice conditions from glacial and marine sediment core records and providing analogues for future changes. Being highly constrained by marine biogeochemistry, sea ice proxies would not only contribute to but also benefit from a better understanding of polar marine biogeochemical cycles

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

Vancoppenolle

Meiners

Michel

et al. 2013

Quaternary Science Reviews

212

211

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years, a number of proxy-based approaches to sea ice reconstruction have been developed and employed to provide new insights into sea ice conditions (and changes to these) for both the Arctic and the Antarctic (e.g. Gersonde and Zielinski, 2000;Knies et al, 2001;Sarnthein et al, 2003;de Vernal et al, 2005;Belt et al, 2007;Andrews, 2009;Armand and Leventer, 2010;Polyak et al, 2010;Stein et al, 2012). Many sea ice proxy methods are based on the characteristic signatures provided by various biological species that are either closely associated with, or influenced by, sea ice cover (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP<sub>25</sub> in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We describe the results of an inter-laboratory investigation into the identification and quantification of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP 25 in marine sediments. Seven laboratories took part in the study, which consisted of the analysis of IP 25 in a series of sediment samples from different regions of the Arctic, sub-Arctic and Antarctic, additional sediment extracts and purified standards. The results obtained allowed 4 key outcomes to be determined. First, IP 25 was identified by all laboratories in sediments from the Canadian Arctic with inter-laboratory variation in IP 25 concentration being substantially larger than within individual laboratories. This greater variation between laboratories was attributed to the difficulty in accurately determining instrumental response factors for IP 25 , even though laboratories were supplied with appropriate standards. Second, the identification of IP 25 by 3 laboratories in sediment from SW Iceland that was believed to represent a blank, was interpreted as representing a better limit of detection or quantification for such laboratories, contamination or mis-identification. These alternatives could not be distinguished conclusively with the data available, although it is noted that the precision of these data was significantly poorer compared with the other IP 25 concentration measurements. Third, 3 laboratories reported the occurrence of IP 25 in a sediment sample from the Antarctic Peninsula even though this biomarker is believed to be absent from the Southern Ocean. This anomaly is attributed to a combined chromatographic and mass spectrometric interference that results from the presence of a di-unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) pseudo-homologue of IP 25 that occurs in Antarctic sediments. Finally, data are presented that suggest that extraction of IP 25 is consistent between Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) and sonication methods and that IP 25 concentrations based on 7-hexylnonadecane as an internal standard are comparable using these methods. Recoveries of some more unsaturated HBIs and the internal standard 9-octylheptadecene, however, were lower with the ASE procedure, possibly due to partial degradation of these more reactive chemicals as a result of higher temperatures employed with this method. For future measurements, we recommend the use of reference sediment material with known concentration(s) of IP 25 for determining and routinely monitoring instrumental response factors. Given the significance placed on the presence (or otherwise) of IP 25 in marine sediments, some further recommendations pertaining to quality control are made that should also enable the two main anomalies identified here to be addressed.

show abstract

“…The distance of the fossil spectra from modern analogues is shown at the right. It indicates a good analogue situation inasmuch as it is lower than the threshold value of 76.4 (de Vernal et al, 2005). The dashed line corresponds to the change in assemblages as illustrated in Figure 13.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The best modern analogue method was used to quantitatively reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions (de Vernal et al, 2001) based on the updated modern dinocyst database that includes the percentages of 60 taxa at more than 940 reference sites from middle to polar latitudes of the northern hemisphere (de Vernal et al, 2005).…”

Section: Paleoenvironmental Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Félix: a Late Pleistocene White Whale (Delphinapterus Leucas) Skeleton From Champlain Sea Deposits at Saint-Félix-de-Valois, Québec

Harington

Lebel

Paiement

et al. 2007

gpq

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A nearly complete, articulated skeleton of an old white whale (Delphinapterus leucas) from Champlain Sea deposits at Saint-Félix-de-Valois is the best preserved specimen of its kind recorded from North America. It is one of 21 white whale specimens known from Champlain Sea deposits. Collagen from a vertebra yielded an accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon date of 10 700 ± 90 BP, which, with stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental data, is in accord with our knowledge of the past distribution of this species, its known habitat and habits. This study quantitatively traces regional sea-surface temperature, salinity and ice-cover. Dinocysts indicate a change from cold to cool conditions in surface water during that period corresponding to the withdrawal of ice and the beginning of the Holocene.Un squelette presque complet et articulé d’une vieille baleine blanche (Delphinapterus leucas) provenant des dépôts de la mer de Champlain à Saint-Félix-de-Valois représente le spécimen le mieux conservé du genre en Amérique du Nord. Il s’agit de l’un des 21 spécimens de baleine blanche découvert à ce jour dans les dépôts de la Mer de Champlain. Du collagène extrait d’une vertèbre a donné une date radiocarbone par spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur de 10 700 ± 90 BP, laquelle, avec les données stratigraphiques et paléoenvironnementales, est en accord avec nos connaissances actuelles sur la dispersion ancienne de l’espèce, son habitat et son mode de vie. Cette étude livre une esquisse quantitative régionale de la température des eaux de surface, de la salinité et du couvert de glace. Les dinokystes indiquent un changement des conditions de froides à fraîches des eaux de surface durant la période correspondant au retrait glaciaire et au début de l’Holocène

show abstract

Reconstruction of sea-surface conditions at middle to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) based on dinoflagellate cyst assemblages

Cited by 298 publications

References 68 publications

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP<sub>25</sub> in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations

Félix: a Late Pleistocene White Whale (Delphinapterus Leucas) Skeleton From Champlain Sea Deposits at Saint-Félix-de-Valois, Québec

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Reconstruction of sea-surface conditions at middle to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) based on dinoflagellate cyst assemblages

Cited by 298 publications

References 68 publications

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP&lt;sub&gt;25&lt;/sub&gt; in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations

Félix: a Late Pleistocene White Whale (Delphinapterus Leucas) Skeleton From Champlain Sea Deposits at Saint-Félix-de-Valois, Québec

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP<sub>25</sub> in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations