“…Screw augmentation with bioactive glass was evaluated in 37 Weber type B ankle fractures with no information of screw loosening within a period of 2 years (Andreassen et al, 2004). Bioactive glass have been clinically used in vertebroplasty (Middleton et al, 2008;Palussiere et al, 2005), treatment of an unstable distal radius fracture (Smit et al, 2005), tympanoplastic reconstruction (Reck, 1983), as filling material in benign tumour surgery , for reconstruction of defects in facial bones [Suominen & Kinnunen, 1996], for treatment of periodontal bone defects (Villaca et al, 2005;Leonetti et al, 2000), in obliteration of frontal sinuses (Suonpaa et al, 1997;Peltola et al, 2000aPeltola et al, , 2000b, in repairing orbital floor fractures (Kinnunen et al, 2000;Aitasalo et al, 2001), in lumbar fusion (Ido et al, 2000), reconstruction of the maxillary sinus (Scala et al, 2007), in cementless metalbacked acetabular cups (Hedia et al, 2006) and for reconstruction of the iliac crest defect after bone graft harvesting (Asano et al, 1994). The combination of a thermoplastic, viscous carrier with a granular bioglass scaffold allowed for the delivery of allergenic mesenchymal stem cells in a clinically manageable form that enhanced bone formation at early stages of canine alveolar repair (Mylonas et al, 2007).…”