Reconstruction of Cranial Bone Defects Using Struthio camelus Eggshell

Abstract

Ostrich eggshell did not seem to be an osteoproductive material, but it has some important advantages as an implant. Ostrich eggshell has a strong structure, is cheap, is shaped easily, and does not cause tissue reaction or infection. Ostrich eggshell could be a good alternative graft material for craniomaxillofacial procedures. Further studies are required to find out the potential use of the ostrich eggshell in craniomaxillofacial reconstructions.

Natural Biomaterials from Biodiversity for Healthcare Applications

“…For instance, ostrich eggshell grafts have a strong structure and do not cause tissue reaction or infection. [ 190 ] Park et al. evidenced, using a rat calvarial defect model, the efficacy of modified chicken eggshell CaCO 3 as a bone graft substitute as it showed bone regeneration due to its osteoconductive property.…”

“…[69,189] For instance, ostrich eggshell grafts have a strong structure and do not cause tissue reaction or infection. [190] Park et al evidenced, using a rat calvarial defect model, the efficacy of modified chicken eggshell CaCO 3 as a bone graft substitute as it showed bone regeneration due to its osteoconductive property. [191] This bone substitute paved the way for its extraction and use in treating bone defects from periodontal and peri-implant lesions during bone regeneration surgery in the dental field.…”

“…[29,71,72] Nacre enhances tissue growth and bone tissue bonding. It also has excellent mechanical properties, such as Young modulus (30-40 GPa) and resistance to failure (185)(186)(187)(188)(189)(190)(191)(192)(193)(194)(195)(196)(197)(198)(199)(200), that are similar to those of human bones (20 GPa and 140 MPa, respectively). [72,197] For instance, abalone nacre is a highly ordered structure with extraordinary toughness.…”

Structure and Composition of the Eggshell of a Passerine Bird, Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus, 1758)

“…These eggshells represent palaeoenvironmental recorders and biomarkers for stratigraphy (Pickford & Senut, 1999;Senut, 2000) and have been used for phylogeny (Erben, 1970;Adeyeye, 2009;Pickford, 2014). Also, avian eggs are a food resource for humans and numerous animals and are used in cosmetics, dentistry, reconstructive surgery, and for vaccines, among other uses (Dupoirieux, 1999;Dupoirieux et al, 2001;Uygur et al, 2011;Kattimani et al, 2014). These studies of eggshell structure and composition were mainly based on domesticated chicken eggs.…”