Reconstructing Eocene Eastern Indian Ocean Dynamics Using Ocean‐Drilling Stratigraphic Records

Ke, Xu; Vleeschouwer, David De; Vahlenkamp, Maximilian; Yang, Renchao; Chen, Honghan

doi:10.1029/2020pa004116

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Although previous studies have suggested that Site 762C sediments contain multiple hyperthermal horizons Thomas, 1992;Xu et al, 2021), the precise identification of hyperthermal events has not been achieved owing to the limited temporal resolution of previous bulk δ 13 C and δ 18 O records. Thus, the age model of Site 762C must be further considered.…”

Section: Revision Of the Age Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We described the base of identifying each hyperthermal horizon on Supporting Text S2. As previous age models of Site 762C did not include the horizons of I1 and J events Thomas, 1992;Xu et al, 2021) and are based on not up-to-date magnetostratigraphic age, we updated the age model of Site 762C using newly identified hyperthermal horizons and revised magneto-and biostratigraphic ages by "Geologic Time Scale 2020 (GTS2020; Speijer et al, 2020)" and Westerhold et al (2020). The updated age-tie points are presented in Supporting Table S5.…”

Section: Revision Of the Age Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-elemental Statistical Features of Early Paleogene Sediments from the Mid-latitude Eastern Indian Ocean

Kuwahara,

Yasukawa,

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The early Paleogene is characterized by a “hothouse” environment with repetitive transient warming events known as “hyperthermals.” While these paleoenvironmental changes are well-documented in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, records of such changes in the Indian Ocean are limited. Here, we present a new dataset of bulk chemical composition and stable isotopic ratios of the late Paleocene–middle Eocene sediments on the Exmouth Plateau in the mid-latitude eastern Indian Ocean. The bulk δ13C and δ18O suggest a warming period called the Early Eocene Climate Optimum (EECO) and cooling towards the middle Eocene in a long-term perspective. From a short-term perspective, we identified at least five hyperthermals (PETM, H2, I1, J, and ETM3) in the studied sections. We identified six independent components (ICs) corresponding to sediment source materials and post-depositional processes by applying independent component analyses (ICA) to the bulk chemical composition data. The time-series behavior of IC3 indicates an increase in detrital material or a decrease in carbonate rain flux during both long-term (EECO) and short-term (hyperthermal) warming. Additionally, the rise in IC2 implies an increased population of high consumers in the oceanic ecosystem during warming events around the Exmouth Plateau. Other ICs (IC1, IC4, IC5, and IC6), indicators of diagenetic processes and post-depositional remobilization of elements, showed excursions across hyperthermal horizons. These observations indicate that changes in the redox state of pore or bottom water in the Exmouth Plateau are associated with hyperthermals.

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Section: Revision Of the Age Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Revision Of the Age Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-elemental Statistical Features of Early Paleogene Sediments from the Mid-latitude Eastern Indian Ocean

Kuwahara,

Yasukawa,

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…However, the utility and efficacity of the sedimentary noise models is still being explored. Hitherto, only few studies attempted to establish links between sealevel change and DYNOT and ρ1 models (Li et al, 2018a;Wang et al, 2020;Xu et al, 2021). While Li et al, 2018a dealt with Triassic marine sedimentary successions, Wang et al (2020) focused rather on a paleolake fillings across the Eocene-Oligocene transition.…”

Section: Application Of Sedimentary Noise Modeling For Sea-level Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Linking the Variation of Sediment Accumulation Rate to Short Term Sea-Level Change Using Cyclostratigraphy: Case Study of the Lower Berriasian Hemipelagic Sediments in Central Tunisia (Southern Tethys)

2021

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High-resolution magnetic susceptibility and % CaCO3 records (5 to 10 cm sampling interval) are used to track astronomical cycles from a Lower Berriasian record from central Tunisia. Six hundred and twenty two samples were measured for magnetic susceptibility and carbonate content as paleoclimate proxies for the detection of potential Milankovitch cycles. Elemental data using X-Ray fluorescence analyses was acquired from 19 samples to prove the reliability of the MS signal on recording the past paleoclimatic changes. We performed multiple spectral analyses and statistical techniques on the magnetic susceptibility signal, such as Multi-taper Method, Evolutive Harmonic Analysis, Correlation Coefficient, Time-optimization, and Average Spectral Misfit to obtain an optimal astronomical model. The application of these spectral analysis techniques revealed a pervasive dominance of E405-kyr and e100-kyr cycles showing that the climate turnover across the early Berriasian—middle Berriasian seems to had been governed by the long and short orbital eccentricity cycles. The identification of Milankovitch cycles in the record also allowed to propose a floating astronomical timescale of the studied section, with ~4 long eccentricity cycles (E405) extracted, which points to a duration estimate of ~1.6 Myr with an average sediment accumulation rate (SAR, after compaction) of 2.77 cm/kyr. The inferred floating ATS was tuned to the La2004 astronomical solution. In addition, we applied the DYNOT and ρ1 methods for seal-level change modeling to reconstruct a local eustatic profile which matches the previously published local and global eustatic charts.

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“…In recent years, astrochronology has emerged as a pivotal method for constructing age models across diverse climatic records, including eolian, abyssal sediments, and continental sediments [4,[37][38][39][40][41]. The foundational theory of astronomical climate, proposed by Milutin Milankovitch in the early 20th century, has paved the way for the development of precise, high-resolution astronomical chronologies [42,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astronomical Time Scale of the Late Pleistocene in the Northern South China Sea Based on Carbonate Deposition Record

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

JMSE

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Variations in solar insolation caused by changes in the Earth’s orbit—specifically its eccentricity, obliquity, and precession—can leave discernible marks on the geologic record. Astrochronology leverages these markers to establish a direct connection between chronological measurements and different facets of climate change as recorded in marine sediments. This approach offers a unique window into the Earth’s climate system and the construction of high-resolution, continuous time scales. Our study involves comprehensive bulk carbonate analyses of 390 discrete samples from core SCS1, which was retrieved from the deep-sea floor of the northern South China Sea. By utilizing carbonate stratigraphic data, we have developed a carbonate stratigraphic age model. This was achieved by aligning the carbonate sequence from core SCS1 with the established carbonate standard stratigraphic time scale of the South China Sea. Subsequently, we construct an astronomically tuned time scale based on this age model. Our findings indicate that sediment records in this core have been predominantly influenced by a 20,000-year cycle (precession cycle) throughout the Late Pleistocene. We have developed an astronomical time scale extending back approximately 110,000 years from the present, with a resolution of 280 years, by tuning the carbonate record to the precession curve. Time-domain spectral analysis of the tuned carbonate time series, alongside the consistent comparability of the early Holocene low-carbonate event (11–8 kyr), underscores the reliability of our astronomical time scale. Our age model exposes intricate variations in carbonate deposition, epitomizing a typical “Pacific-type” carbonate cycle. Previous research has illustrated that precession forcing predominantly influences productivity changes in the South China Sea. The pronounced precession-related cycle observed in our record suggests that changes in productivity significantly impact carbonate content in the area under study. Furthermore, the clear precession period identified in the carbonate record of core SCS1 reflects the response of low-latitude processes to orbital parameters, implying that carbonate deposition and preservation in core SCS1 are chiefly influenced by the interplay between the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the monsoon system within the precession band. Our astronomical time scale is poised to enhance paleoceanographic, paleoclimatic, and correlation studies further. Additionally, the independent evidence we provide for using proxy records for astronomical age calibration of marine sediments lends additional support to similar methods of astronomical tuning.

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Reconstructing Eocene Eastern Indian Ocean Dynamics Using Ocean‐Drilling Stratigraphic Records

Cited by 5 publications

References 77 publications

Multi-elemental Statistical Features of Early Paleogene Sediments from the Mid-latitude Eastern Indian Ocean

Multi-elemental Statistical Features of Early Paleogene Sediments from the Mid-latitude Eastern Indian Ocean

Linking the Variation of Sediment Accumulation Rate to Short Term Sea-Level Change Using Cyclostratigraphy: Case Study of the Lower Berriasian Hemipelagic Sediments in Central Tunisia (Southern Tethys)

Astronomical Time Scale of the Late Pleistocene in the Northern South China Sea Based on Carbonate Deposition Record

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