Reconsidering the science of scientific whaling

Corkeron, Peter J.

doi:10.3354/meps07882

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The global controversies surrounding how much and of what marine mammals consume, their interactions with fisheries, and how these factors impact their protection, are prominent management issues (e.g., Savenkoff et al 2008, Corkeron 2009, Gerber et al 2009) that require reliable estimates of marine mammal consumption and uncertainty to be addressed. We have provided reasonable parameter ranges to estimate per capita consumption, and any parameters outside of these ranges should be questioned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reasonable estimates of how much and of which species marine mammals eat would help to address these issues (Link et al 2006). There is limited information on the food habits of marine mammals relative to food habits of fish, and the representativeness of the data that does exist is uncertain (e.g., Yodzis 2001, Corkeron 2009, Gerber et al 2009). Food habits data for marine mammals are largely derived from necropsies on stranded or bycaught cetaceans (Laerm et al 1997, Craddock andPolloni 2009), pinniped scat samples (Payne and Selzer 1989), limited biochemical analyses from tissue samples, or observations of some smaller odontocetes and pinnipeds from artificial environments such as aquaria (Brodie 1975, Murie 1987, each of which has potential biases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumption by marine mammals on the Northeast U.S. continental shelf

Smith

Link

Cadrin³

et al. 2015

Ecological Applications

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The economic and ecological impacts of fish consumption by marine mammals, the associated interactions with commercial fish stocks, and the forage demands of these marine mammal populations are largely unknown. Consumption estimates are often either data deficient or not fully evaluated in a rigorous, quantitative manner. Although consumption estimates exist for the Northeast United States (NEUS) Large Marine Ecosystem, there is considerable uncertainty in those estimates. We examined consumption estimates for 12 marine mammal species inhabiting the regional ecosystem. We used sensitivity analyses to examine metabolically driven daily individual consumption rates, resulting in a suite of feasible parameter-pair ranges for each of three taxonomic groups: mysticetes, odontocetes, and pinnipeds. We expanded daily individual consumption to annual consumption based on abundance estimates of marine mammals found on the NEUS continental shelf coupled with estimates of annual residence time for each species. To examine consumptive removals for specific prey, diet compositions were summarized into major prey categories, and predatory removals by marine mammal species as well as for total marine mammal consumption were estimated for each prey taxa. Bounds on consumption estimates for each marine mammal species were determined using Monte Carlo resampling simulations. Our results suggest that consumption for these 12 marine mammal species combined may be similar in magnitude to commercial fishery landings for small pelagic and groundfish prey groups. Consumption by marine mammals warrants consideration both as a source of mortality in assessments of prey-stocks, and to determine marine mammal forage demands in ecosystem assessment models. The approach that we present represents a rigorous, quantitative method to scope the bounds of the biomass that marine mammals are expected to consume, and is appropriate for use in other ecosystems where the interaction between marine mammals and commercial fisheries is thought to be prominent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption by marine mammals on the Northeast U.S. continental shelf

Smith

Link

Cadrin³

et al. 2015

Ecological Applications

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“…"scientific" whaling is controversial and is seen by many as a way of continuing whaling outside of the moratorium (e.g., Clapham et al 2003;Gales et al 2005;Corkeron 2009) and at present, every year, the Japanese scientific whaling program kills approximately 100 northern minke whales, 100 sei whales, 50 Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni) and 5 sperm whales in the North Pacific, and a further 850 Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonarensis) and 10 fin whales in the Antarctic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of Whale Conservation Status and Whaling Policy in the US—A Preliminary Study on American Youth

2010

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In 2008, a preliminary study was conducted to provide information on awareness of cetacean (whale, dolphin and porpoise) conservation issues and the US government's policy on whaling, in a test group of US university students (n = 230). When given a list of whale species, 39% of the participants incorrectly thought that the humpback whale was the most threatened whale species (blue whale: 24.8%; northern minke whale: 20.9%; gray whale: 10.4%). Only 4.8% correctly chose the North Pacific right whale from the list. Only 23.5% of respondents stated that they had heard of the International Whaling Commission (IWC), the international body with responsibility for the management of whale species. However, most of those who were aware of the IWC could correctly state its function. The respondents were also asked what they believed the policy was of the US government with respect to hunting whales: 40% believed that the US government was opposed to all whale hunting; 32.2% stated that only aboriginal whaling was supported; 23.5% stated that the US government supported sustainable commercial whaling; and 3.9% believed it supported all forms of commercial whaling. A lack of awareness of the conservation status of whales and the US policy towards whaling suggests that greater outreach to the public, particularly 18-26-year-olds, about the conservation status of whale species is required, by environmental groups and agencies.

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“…They point out that 63 members of the scientific committee contested the claims of the Japanese scientific plans and have repeatedly urged Japan to use more effective nonlethal methods. In his critique of the Japanese scientific program, Corkeron (2009) indicates that the JARPA failed to provide any useful data on its objective of Minke mortality rates while other nonlethal studies have provided similar data for other species. He also describes how the JARPN II program was compromised due to improper sampling techniques, ignoring protocols to avoid sampling bias by collecting specimens off of transect lines and moving sample points to find more whales, artificially elevating estimates of abundance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2010

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Reconsidering the science of scientific whaling

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Consumption by marine mammals on the Northeast U.S. continental shelf

Consumption by marine mammals on the Northeast U.S. continental shelf

Awareness of Whale Conservation Status and Whaling Policy in the US—A Preliminary Study on American Youth

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