Reconsidering active procrastination: Relations to motivation and achievement in college anatomy

The relationship between procrastination and academic performance: A meta-analysis

“…Decisional Procrastination Scale (DP; Mann, 1982) is based on the conflict theory of decision making (Janis & Mann, 1977), according to which procrastination is a maladaptive coping behavior (Ferrari, Johnson, & McCown, 1995). The Tuckman Procrastination Scale (TPS; Tuckman, 1991) assesses academic procrastination resulting from inability to self-regulate or control task schedules (Ferrari et al, 1995) is another inventory designed to measure procrastination as a maladaptive behavior (Hensley, 2014).…”

Psychopathy and procrastination: Triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy and its relations to active and passive procrastination

“…The existing empirical data generally support the notion that active and passive procrastination may be seen as theoretically and empirically distinct, non-overlapping constructs with separate nomological networks (Chu and Choi 2005;Kim et al 2017;Kim and Seo 2015). Several studies indicated that both forms of procrastination are influenced by different bright-side dispositional variables (Corkin et al 2011;Choi and Moran 2009;Hensley 2014;Kim et al 2017). However, in previous research on individual difference characteristics influencing active and passive procrastination, socially aversive personality traits such as psychopathy have been largely overlooked.…”

“…In contrast, secondary psychopathy (characterized by higher anxiety and greater tendency to display antisocial behaviors) was associated with avoidance procrastination (i.e., putting off activities to avoid failure) in men and women (Lee and Salekin 2010;Skeem et al 2007;Steel 2010). Nevertheless, despite some conceptual similarities between active-passive and arousal-avoidant distinctions of procrastination (Hensley 2014) as well as the possibility to empirically link the primary-secondary dichotomy of psychopathy with the triarchic framework (Drislane et al 2014a), both the conceptualization of active and passive procrastination and the triarchic model of psychopathy seem to better explain the relationships between adaptive and maladaptive features of both constructs than the concepts used in the study by Lyons and Rice (2014). As both the activepassive differentiation and the triarchic model invoke the adaptive-maladaptive dichotomy, the theoretical framework applied in the present study may be particularly useful in highlighting positive-adjustment aspects of psychopathy and procrastination.…”

“…active and passive procrastination. Although Choi and Moran (2009) additionally discerned four components of active procrastination (preference for pressure, intentional decision to procrastinate, ability to meet deadlines and outcome satisfaction), the dimensionality of the construct has not been supported by the majority of previous research (Chowdhury and Pychyl 2018;Hensley 2014). Therefore only the composite scale was considered, which is consistent with the prevailing approach in the studies on active procrastination.…”

“…Some authors argued that introducing an additional term describing a deliberate delay is unjustified both empirically and theoretically. For instance, Pychyl (2009) andHensley (2014) understood active procrastination as a positive, intentional, strategic delay rather than procrastination per se, which as a self-regulatory failure is dysfunctional in nature. In line with this view, as Chowdhury and Pychyl's (2018) recent research reveals, active procrastination may be treated as a heterogeneous, higherorder construct, comprising purposeful and arousal delay.…”