Reconfigurable of current-mode differentiator and integrator based-on current conveyor transconductance amplifiers

Abstract

The reconfigurable of the differentiator and integrator based on current conveyor transconductance amplifiers (CCTAs) have been presented in this paper. The proposed configurations are provided with two CCTAs and grounded elements. The configurations can be operated in the differentiator and integrator by selecting external passive elements. The input and output currents have low and high impedances, respectively; therefore, the configurations can be cascaded without additional current buffer. The proposed configurations can be electronically tuned by external direct current (DC) bias currents, and it also has slight fluctuation with temperature. An application of universal filter is demonstrated to confirm the ability of the proposed configurations. The results of simulation with Pspice program are accordance with the theoretical analysis.

Electronically Tunable Sinusoidal Oscillator Using Only Single Current-Controlled Current Conveyor Trans-Conductance Amplifier

“…Since then, other studies [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] have offered a variety of implementation choices for the CCTA block based on bipolar junction transistor (BJT), complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), or bipolar complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) technology. This device's versatility has resulted in its ongoing recognition, as indicated by the numerous analog circuit functions that have been built using it [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. To demonstrate its usefulness, the literature proposed multifunction filters [5], direct frequency modulator [6], shadow universal filters [8], memcapacitor emulator [9], differentiator and integrator [10], PID Controller [11], squaring and square-rooting circuits [12], and oscillator [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] using CCTA.…”

“…This device's versatility has resulted in its ongoing recognition, as indicated by the numerous analog circuit functions that have been built using it [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. To demonstrate its usefulness, the literature proposed multifunction filters [5], direct frequency modulator [6], shadow universal filters [8], memcapacitor emulator [9], differentiator and integrator [10], PID Controller [11], squaring and square-rooting circuits [12], and oscillator [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] using CCTA. This CCTA block is simply constructed by connecting the output of a second-generation current conveyor (CCII) to the input of a trans-conductance amplifier that has both positive and negative polarities available at its output terminal.…”