Reconfigurable Metasurface Antenna Based on the Liquid Metal for Flexible Scattering Fields Manipulation

Qian, Ting

doi:10.3390/mi12030243

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Examples are diverse such as conductive fibers with shape memory effect, [ 73,92,122 ] conductive elastomers with specific mechanical properties such as damage‐insensitive, [ 106,130b ] polymer with a reversible electrical transition between insulator, [ 129,141 ] and conductor and antennas that can reconstruct stiffness and shape to adjust the working frequency. [ 142 ]…”

Section: Application Of Lmpa‐enabled Stiffness Tunable Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Melting Point Alloys Enabled Stiffness Tunable Advanced Materials

Hao

Gao

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Stiffness tunable advanced materials have demonstrated their superiority and versatility in diverse areas, while the global pursuit of reversible, intelligent, and fast response for stiffness regulation is growing radically, leaving great challenges for traditional materials. As newly emerging functional metal material, the low melting point alloys (LMPAs) have shown encouraging potential in developing various stiffness regulation strategies owing to their excellent physicochemical and mechanical properties. This article is dedicated to presenting a comprehensive review of the LMPA‐enabled stiffness tunable materials from the aspects of material system, regulation principle and method, capability enabling mechanisms, and application scenarios. First, according to the structural differences, three kinds of LMPA‐enabled stiffness tunable material systems are evaluated. Then, the regulation strategies are elaborated from the fundamental LMPA modifications to dynamical external field controls, and the mainstream stiffness regulation modes are also combed out. Following that, the diversified applications of LMPA enabled stiffness tunable materials are systematically summarized and discussed. Finally, a perspective interpretation of the potentials and challenges of LMPA‐enabled stiffness tunable materials is provided. This article is expected to be important for guiding the future design of smart materials, functional entities, transformable robots, etc.

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Section: Application Of Lmpa‐enabled Stiffness Tunable Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Melting Point Alloys Enabled Stiffness Tunable Advanced Materials

Hao

Gao

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…LMs, safe and nontoxic, have a high boiling point, reflectivity, and thermal conductivity and excellent electrical conductivity . The flexibility, fluidity, and self-healing properties of LMs have helped to break through many conventional technical bottlenecks and present great potential applications in many fields, including energy, flexible electronics, liquid metal antennas, coolants, microfluidics, and biomedicine …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Multiphase Soft Metal from Compositing GaInSn and BiInSn Alloy Systems

Duan

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Emerging functional room-temperature liquid metals generally include gallium-based and bismuth-based alloys. Their excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, flexibility, fluidity, and reflectivity can enable their application in many fields. However, there are quite a few problems that need to be solved before their application. For example, liquid metals are often difficult to adhere and diffuse on solid substrates due to their high surface tension and fluidity, which hinders the application and promotion. Herein, we report a method to develop multiphase soft metals from gallium- and bismuth-based alloys. Particularly, room-temperature multiphase soft metals of GaBiInSn alloys developed from Ga67In20.5Sn12.5 and Bi33.1In51.3Sn15.6 alloys via compositing, mixing, and heating treatment are first reported, which include the solid phase, liquid phase, and paste phase, respectively. The free metal alloy grains are dispersed in GaBiInSn alloys and transition constantly among different phases. More importantly, the structure, size, density, and other characteristics of free metal alloy grains can be modified by adjusting the mass ratio of each component. The surface morphology, structure, wettability, adhesion, work function, and photoelectric characteristics of multiphase soft metals can be controlled and optimized by controlling phase transition. As a result, the wettability of the obtained Ga50.25Bi8.28In28.2Sn13.27 is obviously improved (the contact angle decreased from 118.5° to 94°), with a high work function (4.75 eV), high reflectivity (78.14%), low electrical resistivity (2.94 × 10–7 Ω m). Meanwhile, several typical applications of the multiphase materials were demonstrated. The results of this work will offer a promising strategy to directly prepare liquid metal flexible electrodes on PI, PET, and silk, and also, the stability can be kept well under large deformation and curling conditions.

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“…Firstly, a proper way to reconfigure the LM is needed. A variety of approaches have been studied, including patterning the LM on stretchable flexible substrates [8], driven by the other fluid [9]- [12] or gravity [13], etc. Compared with the above methods, LM microfluidics based on two-phase flow provides a new strategy to achieve large, continuous and precise metaatom reconfiguration with simple pressure control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal-Based Microfluidic Metasurface for Controllable Electromagnetic Wave Reflection Attenuation

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Electron Devices Soc.

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We demonstrated a liquid metal based microfluidic chip that enabled consistent, continuous and large liquid metal unit structure array reconfiguration. The chips were assembled into a metasurface, which preliminary achieved controllable electromagnetic wave reflection attenuation. The chip contained a 5 × 6 Galinstan split-ring resonator (SRR) array, and the SRRs could be reconfigured continuously by NaOH solution pressure driven. A fin shaped microvalve was designed and integrated onto the chip, which could withstand a high fluid driving pressure (over 210 kPa), so the SRRs could be reconfigured with a large split angle. The flow resistance of each SRR chamber was analyzed for consistent and robust SRRs deformation. The SRRs enabled more than 250° reconfiguration and showed consistent deformation with a standard derivation less than 8.5°. The metasurface showed 7.5 dB and 13.5 dB attenuation at 3 GHz and 4 GHz respectively. Also, with the different split angles, there could be three attenuation peaks that reach -10 dB when the frequency ranged from 2.9-3.1 GHz, 3.7-4.2 GHz and 4.8-5.0 GHz, respectively. The metasurface we proposed can be potentially used in multiband controllable electromagnetic wave absorption.

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Reconfigurable Metasurface Antenna Based on the Liquid Metal for Flexible Scattering Fields Manipulation

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Low Melting Point Alloys Enabled Stiffness Tunable Advanced Materials

Low Melting Point Alloys Enabled Stiffness Tunable Advanced Materials

Formation of Multiphase Soft Metal from Compositing GaInSn and BiInSn Alloy Systems

Liquid Metal-Based Microfluidic Metasurface for Controllable Electromagnetic Wave Reflection Attenuation

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