Reconciliation of experimental and theoretical electric tensor polarizabilities of the cesium ground state

Ulzega, Simone; Hofer, Adrian; Moroshkin, Peter; Weis, A.

doi:10.1209/epl/i2006-10383-2

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The polarizability α is traditionally broken down via series expansion in both the perturbation order n at which the component contributes and the multipole order k of its interaction, which, following the notation and methods established in Refs. [13][14][15][16], we will denote as α (n) k . The sublevel energies of the Cs 6S 1/2 ground state of interest here are affected only by the polarizabilities α (2) 0 , α (3) 0 , and α (3) 2 , where the (by far dominating) scalar secondorder polarizability α (2) 0 is independent of F and m F , and therefore does not contribute to a differential energy shift of the states coupled by the clock transition.…”

Section: A the Stark Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equations (1a) and (1b) represent the result originally derived by Sandars [17], after correction of a sign error that was uncovered in Refs. [15,16]. Note also that we set h = 1 in the definition of polarizabilities, so that the latter are expressed in the practical "laboratory units" of Hz/(kV/cm) 2 .…”

Section: A the Stark Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As expected, the motional magnetic field shift vanishes in the E B configuration. (15) of Eqs. (28), which influences the ω Stark (U ) dependence in different ways for the two field configurations.…”

Section: Stark Shifts From Microwave Tracking Of the Resonance Frementioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of the scalar third-order electric polarizability of the Cs ground state using coherent-population-trapping spectroscopy in Ramsey geometry

2014

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The ac-Stark shift induced by blackbody radiation is a major source of systematic uncertainty in present-day cesium microwave frequency standards. The shift is parametrized in terms of a third-order electric polarizability α (3) 0 that can be inferred from the static electric-field displacement of the clock transition resonance. In this paper, we report on an all-optical coherent-population-trapping pump-probe experiment measuring the differential polarizability α (3) 0 = α (3) 0 (F = 4) − α (3) 0 (F = 3) on a thermal Cs atomic beam, from which we infer α (3) 0 (F = 4) = 2.023(6) stat (9) syst Hz/(kV/cm) 2 , which corresponds to a scalar Stark shift parameter k s = −2.312(7) stat (10) syst Hz/(kV/cm) 2 . The result agrees within two standard deviations with a recent measurement in an atomic fountain, and rules out another recent result obtained in a Cs vapor cell.

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Section: A the Stark Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A the Stark Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of the scalar third-order electric polarizability of the Cs ground state using coherent-population-trapping spectroscopy in Ramsey geometry

2014

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“…An alkali atom in its electronic ground state, when placed in a static electric field, experiences a shift, hδ, of its energy levels due to the Stark effect [11,12],…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Spin-Dipolar Part of the Tensor Polarizability ofRb87

Dallal¹,

Ozeri²

2015

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We report on the measurement of the contribution of the magnetic-dipole hyperfine interaction to the tensor polarizaility of the electronic ground-state in 87 Rb. This contribution was isolated by measuring the differential shift of the clock transition frequency in 87 Rb atoms that were optically trapped in the focus of an intense CO2 laser beam. By comparing to previous tensor polarizability measurements in 87 Rb, the contribution of the interaction with the nuclear electric-quadrupole moment was isolated as well. Our measurement will enable better estimation of black-body shifts in Rb atomic clocks. The methods reported here are applicable for future spectroscopic studies of atoms and molecules under strong quasi-static fields.Atomic systems are a good experimental platform for the test of quantum many-body theories with high precision. Atomic structure calculations for heavy atoms, with a large number of electrons, require sophisticated approximations and numerical methods. The predictions of such calculations can be readily tested using spectroscopy experiments. One such prediction entails atomic polarizabilities.Due to their symmetry under parity, atoms do not have permanent electric-dipole moments. When placed in a static electric field, however, their electronic wavefunction is polarized and a dipole moment which is proportional to the applied field is induced. The atomic polarizability is the proportionality tensor between the induced dipole moment and the field. This tensor can be further reduced to scalar and rank-two tensor parts. The latter, also known as the tensor polarizability, is determined by the hyperfine interaction of the electron with different magnetic and electric moments of the nucleus. The ab-initio calculation of the different polarizabilites is a difficult task and requires the use of advanced quantum many-body methods [1]. The measurement of the tensor atomic polarizability requires precision spectroscopy under strong applied electric fields.The precision of spectroscopic experiments benefits from long interrogation times. Optical dipole traps with their long storage times were therefore considered as a promising platform to this end. However, it was soon realized that the perturbation of atomic levels by the trapping optical fields introduces systematic line shifts and broadenings, and therefore compromises the precision of spectroscopy. Here, we rather take advantage of the large Stark shifts of atoms that are trapped in the focus of an intense CO 2 laser field in order to measure the tensor differential polarizability of the clock transition in 87 Rb. The slowly varying field of the CO 2 laser, as compared with the atomic resonance frequencies in Rb, allows for the measurement of the static polarizability to a good approximation. The interaction of atoms with laser light has been previously used to investigate atomic structure [2][3][4][5] This tensor shift of the clock transition depends only on the contribution of the spin-dipolar hyperfine interaction to the polarizability a...

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“…Measurement of static polarizabilities provides an important benchmark for calculations resulting in significant improvement of optical clock performance [5,6]. No less important are polarizability measurements for the ground state hyperfine components of the alkali atoms used in microwave atomic clocks (see, e.g., [7]). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the5D-level polarizability in laser-cooled Rb atoms

et al. 2014

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We report on accurate measurements of the scalar αS and tensor αT polarizabilities of the 5D fine structure levels 5D 3/2 and 5D 5/2 in Rb. The measured values (in atomic units) αS(5D 3/2 ) = 18400(75), αT (5D 3/2 ) = −750(30), αS(5D 5/2 ) = 18600(76) and αT (5D 5/2 ) = −1440(60) show reasonable correspondence to previously published theoretical predictions, but are more accurate. We implemented laser excitation of the 5D level in a laser cooled cloud of optically polarized Rb-87 atoms placed in a constant electric field.

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Reconciliation of experimental and theoretical electric tensor polarizabilities of the cesium ground state

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Measurement of the scalar third-order electric polarizability of the Cs ground state using coherent-population-trapping spectroscopy in Ramsey geometry

Measurement of the scalar third-order electric polarizability of the Cs ground state using coherent-population-trapping spectroscopy in Ramsey geometry

Measurement of the Spin-Dipolar Part of the Tensor Polarizability ofRb87

Measurement of the5D-level polarizability in laser-cooled Rb atoms

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