Reconceptualizing Vulnerability and Safeguarding in the Humanitarian and Development Sector

Daoust, Gabrielle; Dyvik, Synne L

doi:10.1093/sp/jxaa040

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…However, it has been challenging to put our substantial vested interest in the work to one side and reflect critically on what has been learnt. Additional sources of bias may be created by the interviews being completed by the first author, a white Briton, reflecting the colonial structures inherent in the development sector (Daoust and Dyvik, 2022) and, in many cases, initial interview responses were more guarded and carefully framed.…”

Section: Sources Of Bias and Limitations Of The Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming citywide sanitation provision: Utility voices on pit emptying and transport services in Kenya and Zambia

Grisaffi¹,

Oluoch²,

Hamuchenje³

et al. 2022

Front. Water

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This paper documents the key challenges faced by utilities in sub-Saharan Africa attempting to establish citywide safe manual and semi-mechanized latrine pit emptying, transport and disposal services. The research aims to take a snapshot of utilities at a pivotal point in service development, where initial services have been piloted and the utilities are looking to go to scale. We use the CWIS framework to guide analysis of perspectives of the implementing agencies in Livingstone, Zambia, and Malindi, Kenya, using a secondary data review and 34 key informant interviews. This paper confirms previous findings around the high cost of safe sanitation services in low-income areas, the barriers of emptiability, the engagement of manual pit emptiers and the requirement for investment in supporting systems. Areas for future research were identified, including approaches for service delivery to reduce the decision load on the household, structures of engagement and regulation of pit emptiers, and finally how regulation could support incremental improvements toward full coverage, including the lowest income households. The research documents, for the first time in the region, the challenges of dealing with disgust in establishing these new services and the conflicting role of public utilities as both commercial and social organizations. The current model for private sector delivery of the service is politically viable and reduces the risk and cost burden on the utilities. However, it is likely to leave the utilities unable to scale sanitation to low-income areas.

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Section: Sources Of Bias and Limitations Of The Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming citywide sanitation provision: Utility voices on pit emptying and transport services in Kenya and Zambia

Grisaffi¹,

Oluoch²,

Hamuchenje³

et al. 2022

Front. Water

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“…Staff profiling also poses a major dilemma for IHOs. This approach may already be under scrutiny as the sector begins to grapple with the challenges of institutional racism and other issues of diversity and inclusion (Daoust and Dyvik, 2021;Slim, 2020). From a humanitarian assistance viewpoint, however, profiling is a leap in terms of reducing security incidents and improving access through acceptance.…”

Section: Implications For Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Mission impossible: operations management in complex, extreme, and hostile environments

Dube¹

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The environments in which international humanitarian organisations (IHOs) operate are not just complex, they are knotty. There are multiple features of the humanitarian context that create insurmountable obstacles for IHOs as they try to deliver life-saving assistance to populations in distress. For instance, extremely disruptive events caused by natural and manmade disasters happen in this context. Moreover, IHOs often face hostility as conflicts have become more dangerous and widespread. The realisation that the humanitarian context has such unique features led to a dedicated research stream for humanitarian operations in Operations Management (OM) in the mid-2000s. Interestingly, crises in other contexts have been observed to share similar features. Consequently, researchers increasingly argue that much can also be learned about conducting operations under impossible conditions from this context. Most recently, researchers have highlighted some lessons to be learned from the humanitarian sector about dealing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented crisis of our time. Nevertheless, these features and their implications for operations management (OM) remain ill-understood. This PhD thesis attempts to address this shortcoming. Using the humanitarian context as a research setting, I set out to learn about operations management (OM) challenges and strategies for crisis management in general and humanitarian relief in particular.The thesis explores the implications of some of the defining features of the humanitarian context that render it knotty (complexity, extremity, and hostility) for key OM functions. Three prominent, yet under-researched, phenomena are used as the basis for unravelling those implications, i.e., complex emergencies, overlapping disasters (i.e., concurrent crises) and armed conflicts. ComplexityIn the first study (Chapter 2), the phenomenon of interest is complex emergencies which are defined by the World Health Organisation as situations in which there is a "breakdown of state structures, the disputed legitimacy of host authorities, the abuse viii of human rights and possibly armed conflict". Complex emergencies constitute the majority of humanitarian crises world-wide, are increasingly the backdrop against which major natural disasters occur, and tend to be protracted crises. The politically charged nature of complex emergencies implies that host governments tend to behave in ways that induce complexity in humanitarian operations.The first study sought to understand how and why host governments behave towards IHOs and the subsequent impact on humanitarian logistics. Three factors are found to influence host government behaviour, namely (i) the levels of tensions between their strategic interests and those of IHOs, (ii) their general level of dependency on IHO services and (iii) their regulatory and enforcement capabilities. The sources of tension between host government-IHO interests range from political reasons that, for example, lead to restricted IHO access to areas controlled by no...

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'It's no problem!': perspectives on inclusion, parenting girls and education

Mills

2022

Comparative Education

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Reconceptualizing Vulnerability and Safeguarding in the Humanitarian and Development Sector

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Transforming citywide sanitation provision: Utility voices on pit emptying and transport services in Kenya and Zambia

Transforming citywide sanitation provision: Utility voices on pit emptying and transport services in Kenya and Zambia

Mission impossible: operations management in complex, extreme, and hostile environments

'It's no problem!': perspectives on inclusion, parenting girls and education

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