Reconceptualization of body image and drive for thinness

Sands, Rob

doi:10.1002/1098-108x(200012)28:4<397::aid-eat7>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The silhouettes also provide a useful and sensitive measure to identify body size dissatisfaction in women through the derived FID index scores 15,18,41 , in that values approaching zero reflect less body size dissatisfaction, while values greater than zero reflect more body size dissatisfaction. In our study, the FID index scores were found to be above zero for the participants regardless of whether they saw themselves as 'thin' or 'fat'.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of instruments measuring body image and body weight dissatisfaction in South African mothers and their daughters

Mciza

Goedecke

Steyn³

et al. 2005

Public Health Nutr.

101

120

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Objective We sought to validate questionnaires concerning body image perception, body size dissatisfaction and weight-related beliefs in multi-ethnic South African mothers and their daughters. Settings and subjects: Girls attending primary school (ages 9-12 years, n = 333) and their mothers (n = 204) were interviewed regarding their demographics and body image. Weight, height and skinfold thicknesses were measured. Body image questions and body mass index (BMI) were compared with silhouettes adapted from the Pathways Study for girls and Stunkard's body image figures for mothers. A Feel-Ideal Difference (FID) index score was created by subtracting the score of the silhouette selected by the participants as 'Ideal' from the one selected as most closely representing their current appearance or 'Feel'. We hypothesised that a higher FID index score would be associated with greater body size dissatisfaction. Results BMI percentiles in girls (r = 0.46, P < 0.05) and BMI in mothers (r = 0.68, P < 0.05) were positively correlated with the selected silhouettes based on size. Participants who reported feelings of being 'fat' and those who perceived that their family and friends were more dissatisfied with their body size had significantly higher FID index scores. Scores were lower in black than white girls (all P < 0.05). No differences were found in FID index scores between ethnic groups of mothers. Internal reliability of the 'thin' and 'fat' belief constructs for girls was demonstrated by standardised Cronbach's α values ≥ 0.7. Conclusion Silhouettes, FID index, 'fat' and 'thin' belief constructs (in girls) are ageappropriate, culturally sensitive and can be used in further intervention studies to understand body image. AbstractObjective: We sought to validate questionnaires concerning body image perception, body size dissatisfaction and weight-related beliefs in multi-ethnic South African mothers and their daughters. Settings and subjects: Girls attending primary school (ages 9-12 years, n ¼ 333) and their mothers (n ¼ 204) were interviewed regarding their demographics and body image. Weight, height and skinfold thicknesses were measured. Body image questions and body mass index (BMI) were compared with silhouettes adapted from the Pathways Study for girls and Stunkard's body image figures for mothers. A FeelIdeal Difference (FID) index score was created by subtracting the score of the silhouette selected by the participants as 'Ideal' from the one selected as most closely representing their current appearance or 'Feel'. We hypothesised that a higher FID index score would be associated with greater body size dissatisfaction. Results: BMI percentiles in girls (r ¼ 0.46, P , 0.05) and BMI in mothers (r ¼ 0.68, P , 0.05) were positively correlated with the selected silhouettes based on size. Participants who reported feelings of being 'fat' and those who perceived that their family and friends were more dissatisfied with their body size had significantly higher FID index scores. Scores were lower in black than w...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of instruments measuring body image and body weight dissatisfaction in South African mothers and their daughters

Mciza

Goedecke

Steyn³

et al. 2005

Public Health Nutr.

101

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…SPA is also seen as a threat to physiological and psychological health. It has been correlated with negative emotional, cognitive, and behavioral patterns (Hart et al 1989), low levels of self-esteem, negative evaluation of physical appearance and exercise commitment (Finkenberg et al 1998;Haase and Prapavessis 1998;Martin and Mack 1996), and higher levels of anxiety, depression, disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors, body dissatisfaction and public body awareness Morrison 1996, 1998;Lox et al 1998;Sands 2000). We hypothesized that the body focused self scrutiny of someone high in SPA will be associated with greater body focused scrutiny of others and objectification.…”

Section: The Role Of Social Physique Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although social anxiety refers to a broad area that is unrelated to exact events, SPA is the subscale of social anxiety that is specifically concerned with appearance. High levels of SPA hurt body image also causing greater desire for an unrealistic goal of thinness (Sands 2000). SPA is also seen as a threat to physiological and psychological health.…”

Section: The Role Of Social Physique Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Objectification: Do Provocative Clothing and Observer Characteristics Matter?

2007

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This study provides empirical evidence for the objectification of women and unearths factors that increase objectification. Objectification theory (Fredrickson and Roberts 1997) suggests that women from Western cultures are the targets of male gaze. Although this seems selfevident from a look at the media, little empirical evidence exists to document the phenomenon or unravel underlying processes. Undergraduate female participants (N=82) from the Midwestern part of the United States rated three photographs of well-known female Olympic athletes shown either provocatively dressed or in sport-appropriate outfits. Results showed that when shown provocatively attired the women were objectified. Furthermore, participants' own levels of social physique anxiety were significant predictors of objectification. Sexism and trait objectification were not significantly related to ratings.

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“…Eating disorders in adolescents are partly associated with having poor body images and with health consequences. Those individuals who are overweight or obese are also at risk of having a poor body image [11]. With other factors such as gender, age, culture, and media exposure, a poor body image can escalate and result in an eating disorder [12,13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%